Emergency medicine

Question 1

Proteinuria
Causes:
possible symptoms of this:

Answer 1

glomerulonephritis or nephrotic syndrome
forthy urine/oedema -> look for signs of fluid overload

Question 2

Haematuria
Causes:
Symptoms associated:

Answer 2

UTI, urolithiasis, trauma or malignancies

Dysuria or flank pain

Palpate for renal masses or bladder distension

Question 3

Bronchiectasis: when to offer antibiotics

Which antibiotic:

Disease course: when should Sx. clear up

Answer 3

Systemically unwell
pre-existing co-morbidities
CRP >100

Doxycycline

3 weeks -> 25% will have cough after this time

Question 4

Dose of adrenaline in ALS

Given when:
Shockable rhythms
Non-shockable

When should Atropine be given and at what dose?

Answer 4

1 mg IV
Given after first shock then every 3-5 minutes if VT/VF persists
Given straight away then every 3-5 minutes

3 mg dose Atropine as a one off at the very start of ALS

Question 5

4Hs and 4Ts

Answer 5

Hyperkalaemia
Hypoxia
Hypovolaemia
Hypothermia

Tension pneumothorax
Tamponade (cardiac)
Toxins
Thrombosis