Paediatric Urology Flashcards
From where do the urinary and genital systems develop
Intermediate mesoderm (common mesodermal ridge running along the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity)
What is the origin of the definitive kidney
Metanephros
Where is the ureter/renal pelvis derived
Mesonephric duct
Where is the collecting system of the kidney derived
Ureteric bud from the mesonephric duct
Where is the excretory system (e.g. glomeruli, tubules) of the kidney derived
Metanephric blastema
From where are the bladder (apart from the trigone) and urethra derived
Urogenital sinus (anterior part of the cloaca)
Where is the trigone of the bladder derived
Mesoderm
What sex is the default
Female
When do the gonads acquire male/female morphology
Week 7
Where in the testes is testosterone produced
Leydig cells
What happens to the medullary cords at puberty
Acquire a lumen to form the seminiferous tubules
What structure guides the descent of the testis
Gubernaculum
When do the testes reach A) the inguinal canal, and B) the external inguinal ring
A) 7 months
B) 8 months
When does the Processus Vaginalis close and what are the consequences of this not happening
- 1 year
- Hydrocele or congenital inguinal hernia
What gives rise to the ovarian ligament
Gubernaculum
What gives rise to the round ligament
Uterovaginal canal (Gubernaculum)
What does the mesonephric duct contribute to the male genitalia
- Epididymis
- Vas deferens
- Seminal vesicles
- Ejaculatory ducts
From where are the Fallopian tubes derived
Paramesonephric ducts
Describe the development of the male external genitalia
- Genital tubercle becomes the phallus
- Urethral folds (of cloaca) become the penile urethra
- Genital swellings form the scrotum
What is the result of failure of fusion of the urethral folds
Hypospadias
Describe the development of the female external genitalia
- Genital tubercle forms the clitoris
- Urethral folds do not fuse and become the labia minora
- Genital swellings become labia majora
What is Potter Syndrome
- Bilateral renal agenesis
- Characteristic features of oligohydramnios and characteristic facial appearance
- Pulmonary hypoplasia leads to stillbirth