Paediatric Surgery Flashcards
What is the definition of a congenital undescended testes?
Testes that have failed to reach the bottom of the scrotum by 3 months
What is the management for undescended testes?
Orchidopexy at 6-18 months age which involves implantation into dartos pouch.
What are the classical features of pyloric stenosis?
M>F
Projectile vomiting (non bile-stained) at 4-6 weeks old
How do you diagnose pyloric stenosis?
Test feed
USS
How do you treat pyloric stenosis?
Hamstedt pyloromyotomy (laparoscopic or laparotomy)
What are the features of intusussception?
Telescoping bowel / sausage shaped mass
Proximal or at the level of the ileocaecal valve
Occurs most commonly at 6-9 months of age
red jelly stool and diarrhoea with colicky abdominal pain
Treatment of intusussception?
Reduction with air insufflation
What is Hirschprungs disease?
The absence of ganglion cells from the myenteric plexus and submucosal plexuses
How do you diagnose Hirschprungs disease?
Full thickness rectal biopsy
What are the clinical features of Hirschprungs disease?
Delayed passage of meconium accompanied by abdominal distension
How do you treat Hirschprungs disease?
Rectal washouts initially followed by an anorectal pull through procedure
what are the features of biliary atresia?
Jaundice after 14 days
Increased conjugated bilirubin
How do you treat biliary atresia?
An urgent kasai procedure
what is the main risk factor for necrotising enterocolitis?
prematurity
What are the early features of necrotising enterocolitis?
abdominal distension and the passage of bloody stools