Paediatric Respiratory

Question 1

features of otitis media

Answer 1

concurrent or recent viral infection
red, inflammed and bulging ear drum
ear drum rupture
ear ache
loss of light reflex

Question 2

management of otitis media

Answer 2

self-limiting and better within 3-7 days
analgesia
antibiotics if <2 y/o and bilateral

Question 3

what resp things would you consider giving antibiotics for

Answer 3

tonsilitis
otitis media
pneumonia

Question 4

conditions for giving antibiotics in LRTI/pneumonia

Answer 4

2 days of fever, cough and with focal signs

Question 5

what antibiotic would you give in tonsilitis and when

Answer 5

penicillin for 10 days when you know it’s strep, they’re immunosuppressed or are seriously ill

Question 6

what is laryngotracheobronchitis also known as

Answer 6

croup

Question 7

causative organisms of otitis media

Answer 7

pneumococcus or h. influenzae

Question 8

causative organism of croup

Answer 8

parainfluenza type I

Question 9

what antibiotic should you not give to someone who’s had EBV

Answer 9

amoxycillin - it will give them a rash

Question 10

presentation of croup

Answer 10

barking cough, stridor, coryza and generally well

Question 11

treatment of croup

Answer 11

oral dexamethasone

Question 12

features of epiglottitis

Answer 12

systemically unwellwith fever, high pulse and low BP

stridor and drooling

Question 13

causative organism of epiglottitis

Answer 13

h. influenzae type B

Question 14

treatment of epiglottitis

Answer 14

take throat swab and intubate/O2 and give antibiotics accordingly

Question 15

pathology of bronchitis

Answer 15

get a viral infection –> switches off cilia –> bacterial overgrowth –> cough and rattle –> recover clearance –> new virus

Question 16

what is a feature seen is bronchitis that you don’t get in others

Answer 16

post-tussive vomit - bringing up a big glut of mucus after cough

Question 17

true/false bronchitis presents with wheeze and creps

Answer 17

false - bronchiolitis does

Question 18

true/false creps and crackles are the same thing

Answer 18

true

Question 19

when is wheeze heard - on inspiration or expiration

Answer 19

expiration

Question 20

give 4 differentials for wheeze

Answer 20

bronchiolitis, asthma, CF and viral pneumonia

Question 21

what LTRI has a rattly cough

Answer 21

bronchitits

Question 22

what age group is bronchiolitis most common in

Answer 22

infants

Question 23

when is the bronchiolitis peak

Answer 23

at christmas

Question 24

causative organisms of bronchiolitis

Answer 24

RSV or parainfluenzae

Question 25

what does wheeze indicate about the cause of an LTRI

Answer 25

it’s unlikely to be bacterial

Question 26

bronchiolitis natural history

Answer 26

intubate for a day –> get worse for 3 days –> at your worst for 2 days –> recover for a week

Question 27

managment of lower resp tract problems

Answer 27

oxygenation, hydration and nutrition

Question 28

management of pneumonia

Answer 28

1st - oral amoxycillin

2nd - oral macrolide

Question 29

presentation of pneumonia

Answer 29

fever, creps, cough etc

Question 30

what is whooping cough

Answer 30

pertussis - bordetella pertussis

Question 31

true/false - pertussis can present with vomiting

Answer 31

true - and cough and breathing difficulty

Question 32

presentation of bronchiolitis in infants

Answer 32

fever, blocked nose, tachypnoea, poor feeding, crackles and wheeze