Meningitis Flashcards
3 most common causative organisms in <1 month
group B streptococcus
E. coli
listeria monocytogenes
3 most common causative organisms in children
strep pneumoniae
meningococci
h. influenzae
CSF in meningococcal infection
high protein, low glucose and gram -ve cocci
CSF in pneumococcal infection
high protein, low glucose and gram +ve
CSF in group B strep infection
high protein, low glucose and gram +ve
CSF in E. coli infection
high, protein, low glucose and gram -ve
complications of strep pneumoniae meningitis
brain damage, hearing loss and hydrocephalus
complications of meningococci meningitis
cogntitive impairment, epilepsy, hearing loss, skin scars and amputation
what type of molecule is the meninogococcal toxin
lipo-oligosaccharide
which of the common meningitis causing organisms is there a vaccine for
pneumococcal
meningococcal B and C
h. influenzae
6 symptoms of meningitis
neck stiffness fever headaches photophobia seizures lethargy and irritable
3 signs of meningitis
non-blanching rash
bulging fontanelle
reduced consciousness
primary care of meningitis
IV or IM benzylpenicillin
investigations for meningitis
FBC, CRP, blood gases, glucose, coagulation screen, lumbar puncture
hospital general management of meningitis
ABCD and analgesia and antipyrexic
nutrition and hydration
what reason would you not give fluids in meningitis
signs of raised ICP
signs of raised ICP
cranial nerve palsies cushing's triad nausea and vomiting headache altered consciousness
what is cushing’s triad
high systolic BP
low HR
low and irregular RR
medications for a <3 month old with meningitis
dexamethasone + cefotaxime + amoxicillin
medications for a >3 months old
dexamethasone + ceftriaxone
how long do you give dexamethasone for and why
4 days - steroid to reduce inflammation
