PAEDIATRIC ORTHOPAEDIC EMERGENCIES Flashcards
What are the primary differences between paediatric and adult bone?
Paediatric bones have a thicker periosteum, better blood supply, and can remodel with growth
This remodeling ability allows for less precise fracture reduction compared to adults.
What role does the periosteum play in paediatric bones?
It stabilizes fractures, provides a good blood supply, and contributes to healing
The thick periosteum in children aids in the healing process of fractures.
Where does longitudinal growth occur in children?
At the growth plate or Physis
Injuries to the physis can lead to growth disturbances.
What can injuries at the growth plate result in?
Shortened limb or angular deformity
These injuries can affect the longitudinal growth of bones.
What is a greenstick fracture?
A fracture where one side of the bone is fractured and the other is bent
This type of fracture occurs due to the softness of children’s bones.
What is the Salter-Harris Classification used for?
To classify growth plate injuries
It helps in understanding the prognosis of various types of injuries.
Which Salter-Harris type is the most common?
Type II
Type II accounts for up to 75% of injuries to growth plates.
What is the prognosis for Types I and II in the Salter-Harris Classification?
Good prognosis
These types typically do not lead to significant growth disturbances.
What is the prognosis for Types III and IV in the Salter-Harris Classification?
Poor prognosis
These types are associated with a greater risk of growth disturbance.
What is the emergency management for supracondylar fractures?
Expedited care and appropriate referral
Due to the high risk of developing compartment syndrome.
What must be assessed in a patient with a suspected supracondylar fracture?
Nerves of the hand, pulse, and perfusion
This assessment is critical before further management.
What type of traction can be used to treat femur fractures in children?
Skin Traction, Gallows Traction, Skeletal Traction
These types of traction are specific to the management of paediatric femur fractures.
What is an important consideration when managing a displaced supracondylar fracture?
The fracture needs to be reduced and pinned in theatre urgently
This is crucial to prevent complications such as compartment syndrome.
Fill in the blank: Type V in the Salter-Harris Classification has the _______ prognosis.
worst
Type V injuries have the highest risk of complications.
What is the typical management for a Salter-Harris Type II injury?
Full assessment, analgesia, backslab, refer, possible manipulation, and casting
Comprehensive management is essential for optimal recovery.
