Paediatric conditions 1.0 Flashcards
Down syndrome is an alteration on _____
chromosome 21
Down syndrome S&S
- identifiable facial features
- hypotonia
- decreased strength and ligament laxity
- short arms and legs
- heart defects
- AA instability
- scoliosis
- pronated feet
- hip dislocation
Down syndrome Rx
- try to attain developmental milestones
- discourage compensatory patterns
- improve muscle strength (antigravity muscles)
- monitor ortho issues
- provide oral-motor function
- sensory and gross motor stim
- monitor cardiovascular and respiratory health
Prader-Willi Syndrome is related to disturbances in ___ or a genetic ____ in chromosome ___
- hypothalamus
- genetic deletion (chromosome 15 usually)
Prader-Willi Syndrom in infants S&S
- hypotonia
- delayed motor and learning development
- little spontaneous movement
- respiratory difficulties
- oral motor or feeding difficulties
Prader-willi syndrome Rx in infants
- Gross motor development
- compensatory postures
- nutritionist
Prader-Willi Syndrom S&S in older kids
- Hypotonia
- intellectual impairment
- short stature
- hyperphagia *extreme obesity
- behavior problems
Prader-Willi Syndrom Rx in older kids
- Weight management
- increase activity level
- orthotics
- improve postural control
- behaviorist
When does neonatal respiratory distress syndrome occur? It is due to ___
<37 weeks gestation
Due to lack of surfactant
neonatal respiratory distress S&S
- tachypnea
- in drawing
- cyanosis
- occurs soon after birth
Neonatal respiratory distress Rx
Corticosteroids
What is SIDS? What does it peak (highest rates)?
SUDDEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME: death of infant under 1 yr with unexplained cause
Peaks at 3-4 night, usually occurs at night
SIDS risk factor
Prone sleeping
Fetal alcohol syndrome can lead to..
- facial changes
- brain damage
- hypersensitivity
- poor concentration
- poor feeders/eaters
Fetal alcohol syndrome Rx
- need routine
- Decrease stim
- learning strategies
What is arthrogryposis multiplex congenital
rare non progressive neuromuscular syndrome (unknown etiology)
arthrogryposis multiplex congenita S&S
- joint contractures (due to lack of fetal mvmt
- muscle weakness
- poor muscle development
- Fibrosis - can lead to scoliosis, heart defects, resp problems
What is a salter harris fracture
Fracture affective growth plate in children
What is autism? Average age of onset?
developmental delay in social/language/motor and/or cognitive development, more common in M>F,
average age of onset is 4 yrs
Autism S&S
- have stereotyped and repetitive play skills
- avoid eye contact
- dislike change in routine
- and have strong sensory preferences
- dyspraxia (needs time to plan movement and execute goal related function)
- gait (waddling, abnormal weight distribution)
- cerebellar involvement
Autism outcome measure
M-ABC
Bayley -3
PDMS-2
What is Pagets Disease? What are some of the effects of it?
Localized disorder of bone remodelling (excessive resorption followed by increase in bone formation) - structurally disorganized mosaic of bone - weaker, larger, less compact, more vascular, more susceptible to #
does Pagets occur in just one bone or multiple bones? Which bones is it most likely to occur in?
Normally involves multiple bones,
axial skeleton (spine, pelvis, femur, sacrum, skull)
Pagets disease S&S
- 70-90% asymptomatic,
- bone pain
- secondary OA
- bony deformity (ie. bowing of extremity)
- excessive warmth (increased vascularity)
- neurologic complications (compression of neural tissue)
