Paediatric Cancer Flashcards
define osteosarcoma
a common non-haematological primary malignant neoplasm of bone in children and adolescents
risk factors of osteosarcoma
age 10-20yrs
paget’s disease
radiotherapy
fibrous dysplasia
clinical features of osteosarcoma
localised prolonged pain with no associated trauma or injury
palpable mass
associated swelling
investigations in osteosarcoma
XR
CT
bone biopsy
common appearance of osteosarcoma on XR
suburnt appearance
management of osteosarcoma
neo-adjuvant chemo wide surgical resection and construction adjuvant chemo radiotherapy potential further surgery
indications for radiotherapy and further surgeries in osteosarcoma
recurrent tumours or metastatic disease
complications of osteosarcoma
radiation-related secondary sarcoma
local recurrence
mets to lungs and other bones
define Ewing’s sarcoma
a type of bone sarcoma commonly affecting the pelvis, thigh bone and shin bone
common groups affected by Ewing’s sarcoma
teenagers
young adults
clinical features of Ewing’s sarcoma
bone pain, partiularly at night
mass or swelling
restricted movement of a joint
investigations in Ewing’s sarcoma
bone biopsy
XR
CT
management of Ewing’s sarcoma
referral to specialist neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (VIDE) limb-sparing bone graft surgery partial/complete amputation adjuvant chemo or radiotherapy
common findings of Ewing’s sarcoma
lamellated (onion skinning) periosteal reaction on XR
large mass with necrosis on MRI
small blue round cells with clear cytoplasms in histology
