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Paediatric Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

Paediatric Assessment Triangle

Appearance

A

Appearance:

  • Tone.
  • Interactiveness.
  • Consolability.
  • Look/ Gaze.
  • Speech/ Cry.
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2
Q

Paediatric Assessment Triangle

Appearance Explained

A

Well Child:

  • Tone: Active, reaching, moving, strong grip.
  • Interactivity: interested in environment, looking, smile.
  • Consolability: Easily comforted/ consoled.
  • Look/ Gaze: Looks at caregivers or items of interest.
  • Speech/ Cry: Cries.

Unwell Child:

  • Tone: Still, floppy, quiet.
  • Interactivity: No interest in surroundings.
  • Consolability: Inconsolable.
  • Look/ Gaze: Staring, not engaging in eye contact.
  • Speech/ Cry: Moaning, grunting or quiet.
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3
Q

Paediatric Assessment Triangle

WOB

A

Work of Breathing:

  • Abnormal breath sounds.
  • Abnormal posturing.
  • Retractions.
  • Nasal flaring.
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4
Q

Paediatric Assessment Triangle

Skin

A

Circulation to the Skin:

  • Pallor.
  • Mottling.
  • Cyanosis.
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5
Q

Paediatric Age & Weight

Newborn

A

Newborn:

  • Birth- 24hrs
  • 3.5kg.
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6
Q

Paediatric Age & Weight

Small Infant

A

Small Infant:

  • < 3 months.
  • 3 months = 6kg.
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7
Q

Paediatric Age & Weight

Large Infant

A

Large Infant:

  • 3-12 months.
  • 6 months = 8kg.
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8
Q

Paediatric Age & Weight

Small Child

A

Small Child:

  • 1-4 years.
  • 1-9 years = Age x2 + 8kg
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9
Q

Paediatric Age & Weight

Large Child

A

Large Child:

  • 5-11 years.
  • 10-11 years = Age x 3.3kg
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10
Q

Paediatric Perfusion Assessment

Newborn

A

Newborn (< 24hrs):

  • HR = 110-170 bpm.
  • SBP = > 60 mmHg.
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11
Q

Paediatric Perfusion Assessment

Small Infant

A

Small Infant (< 3mth):

  • HR = 110-170 bpm.
  • SBP = > 60 mmHg.
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12
Q

Paediatric Perfusion Assessment

Large Infant

A

Larger Infant (3-12 mth):

  • HR = 105-165 bpm.
  • SBP = > 65 mmHg.
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13
Q

Paediatric Perfusion Assessment

Small Child

A

Small Child (1-4 yrs):

  • HR = 85-150 bpm.
  • SBP = > 70 mmHg.
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14
Q

Paediatric Perfusion Assessment

Large Child

A

Large Child (5-11 yrs):

  • HR = 75-135 bpm.
  • SBP = > 80 mmHg.
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15
Q

Paediatric Respiratory Assessment

Newborn

A

Newborn (< 24hrs):

- 25-60 breaths/min.

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16
Q

Paediatric Respiratory Assessment

Small Infant

A 
Small Infant (< 3mth):
   - 25-60 breaths/min.
17
Q

Paediatric Respiratory Assessment

Large Infant

A 
Larger Infant (3-12 mth):
   - 25-55 breaths/min.
18
Q

Paediatric Respiratory Assessment

Small Child

A 
Small Child (1-4 yrs):
   - 20-40 breaths/min.
19
Q

Paediatric Respiratory Assessment

Large Child

A 
Large Child (5-11 yrs):
   - 16-34 breaths/min.
20
Q

Paediatric GCS
< = 4

Eyes

A

Spontaneous: 4
Reacts to speech: 3
Reacts to pain: 2
None: 1

21
Q

Paediatric GCS
< = 4

Verbal

A 
Words or smile:              5
Cries/console:                4
Persistent Irritable:         3
Moans to pain:                2
None:                              1
22
Q

Paediatric GCS
< = 4

Motor

A 
Spontaneous:                    6
Localises to pain:              5
Withdraws to pain:            4
Flexion:                              3
Extension:                          2
None:                                  1
23
Q

AVPU

A

Alert.
Voice (responds to).
Pain (responds to).
Unresponsive.

24
Q

Paediatric TCG Trauma

Vital Signs

0-3 months

A 
HR:        < 100 or > 180
RR:         > 60
SBP:       < 50mmHg
SpO2:    < 90%
GCS:      < 15 or < A

Tx Highest Level of Trauma service w/i 45 mins

25
Paediatric TCG Trauma Vital Signs 4-12months
``` HR: < 100 or > 180 RR: > 50 SBP: < 60mmHg SpO2: < 90% GCS: < 15 or < A ``` Tx Highest Level of Trauma service w/i 45 mins
26
Paediatric TCG Trauma Vital Signs 1-4yrs
``` HR: < 90 or > 160 RR: > 40 SBP: < 70mmHg SpO2: < 90% GCS: < 15 or < A ``` Tx Highest Level of Trauma service w/i 45 mins
27
Paediatric TCG Trauma Vital Signs 5-11yrs
``` HR: < 80 or > 140 RR: > 30 SBP: < 80mmHg SpO2: < 90% GCS: < 15 or < A ``` Tx Highest Level of Trauma service w/i 45 mins
28
Paediatric TCG Trauma General Injuries
Penetrating Injury: - All except isolated superficial limbn injuries. ``` Blunt Injuries: - Serious injury to a single region such that specialised care or intervention may be required or such that life, limb or long-term quality of life may be at risk. ``` Tx Highest Level of Trauma service w/i 45 mins
29
Paediatric TCG Trauma Specific Injuries
``` - Limb amputations or limb threatening injury. - Serious crush injury. - Suspected spinal cord or spinal # - Burns > 10% TBSA or suspected resp tract burns. - High voltage burn injury. - Major compound # or dislocation. - # to 2 or > of Femur/ Tibia/ Humerus. - # Pelvis. ``` Tx Highest Level of Trauma service w/i 45 mins
30
Paediatric TCG Trauma High Risk
``` - Motor/ cyclist impact > 30km/h. - High speed MCA > 60km/h. - Pedestrian impact. - Ejection from vehicle. - Prolonged extrication. - Fall from height > 3m. - Struck on head by object falling > 3m. - Explosion. ``` Tx Highest Level of Trauma service w/i 45 mins
31
Clinical Red Flags General.
``` - Obs outside of normal range. - GCS < 15 or not Alert (AVPU). - Unexplained pain. - Secondary presentation w/i 48hrs to AV or GP related complaint. ```
32
Clinical Red Flags Specific Conditions.
``` - Febrile > 38*C in small infant. - Stridor. - First presentation seizure. - Anaphylaxis (incl. resolved). - Unable to walk (usually able). - Post-tonsillectomy bleeding. - Testicular pain. - Ingestion/ inhalation of toxic substances. - Inhalation of foreign body. - Non blanching rash. ``` Mandatory Tx to hospital via Ambulance.
33
Clinical Yellow Flags
``` - Ongoing parental concern. - Asymptomatic ingestion of a dangerous foreign body. - Surgical procedure in last 14/7. ``` & - Capability to attend hospital/GP. - Be read Referral Advise Script. Must be advised to attend hospital or GP w/i 2hrs.
34
Croup Mild
``` Behaviour: normal Accessory muscles: none, minimal Stridor: barking cough, stridor only when upset. Resp Rate: normal Oxygen: none ```
35
Croup moderate
Behaviour: some irritability Accessory muscle: moderate chest wall retraction Resp rate: increased RR. Nasal flare, trachael tug Stridor: some at rest Oxygen: none
36
Croup severe
Behaviour: increased irritability Accessory muscle: marked chest wall retraction Resp Rate: marked increased or decreased. Tracheal tug, nasal flare Stridor: present at rest Oxygen: hypoxaemia late sign

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