Paediatric and Neonates Imaging Flashcards
What are some kinds of distractions used in the department?
Toys
keys
Mobiles
Starlight Distraction boxes
Play teams
How should communication be tackeld?
Introduce yourself to the patient first then the parent
Different eye level
Permission and consent
Explain What is going to happen to the Patient (use the Parent or carer to assit in Using the appropriate terminology)
Act according to the age group
What should be considered when asking for consent?
If the child is competent to give consent, ask them directly
If the Parent /carer/ competent Child is refusing treatment then you will need to liaise with the requesting
What is included in the immobilisation of the Patient?
Preparation
Consent
Careful explaination
Minimal immbolisation - no force
Aid of Parent/caver
What Psychology should be considered?
Getting down to their level
Eye contact
Firstname
Show interest in the child
Curiosity of Child
Cool, calm, collected and confident
Privacy
The uniform
Acting up
Emotional Parent/ Carer
Preparation
Rewards
What are some things to think about?
Never leave Child/baby unattended on table
Other sibling?
Pregnancy Status of female aged 12 or Over-Privacy
What aspects of radiation Protection should be Considered?
More radio-sensitive organs
Correct exposure
Lead rubber aprons, lead Protection ( can be portable)
Collimation (ALARA - focal spot size)
Optimal positioning to avoid repeats
E.T.C
What are the different positioning?
Chest x-ray >6/12 - Erect
Supine chest x-ray (arms at ‘cheerleaders position’, Inco Pad to battle cold Cassette)
Abdomen x-ray Supine (No grid, ‘rugby ball’ do not collimate too tightly, abdomen - foraminae)
AP Pelvis supine (No grid, internally rotate hips, Lead protection)
Pelvis - Frog LateraI Supine ( Included whole Pelvis, feet together, externally rotate hips)
Skull (No grid)
Upper Extremities- alternative AP positioning
Horizontal beam AP elbow
Upper Extremities- alternative lateral Positioning (Small child)
What is Scoliosis technique?
Erect
Whole Spine
AP (PA for better radiation dose)
At least 180cm FFD
Digital radiography take 3 Images all overlapping and digitally ‘stitch’ together )
What happens in a case of suspected physical abuse (SPA)?
Imaging and report - 24 hours (no la\ter than 72 hours)
Imaged by 2 Qualifield radiographers accompanied by another healthcare practioner e.g . - children’s nurse (no student radiographers)
Parents can be present if the childs Safety isn’t questioned
Compu1lsory radiographic side markers
Images should be reviewed by a radiologist at the time of acquisition incase a repeat is needed
Images should be reported by 2 experienced radiologist within 24 hours
May require more images after 10-14 days - checking for callus formation (healing fracture)
What are some challenges with the equipment when imaging neonates?
Due to the patient size and needing minimal handling, mobile equipments are needed.
The environment can be busy and congested
The baby will be in an Incubator
The machine is Ioud
What is included as a part of image control?
Personal hygiene
Image receptor
Immobilisation devices
Protective equipment
What are the breathing Instructions when Imaging babies? Peads
Watch the baby’s breathing - expiration
How Should You communicate with the Patient?
Use easy to understand terminology
Make it kid freindly / assure them
Use a medium (e.g. teddy bear)
