Paediatric anatomy Flashcards
what shape is the vertebral column at birth?
c shaped
when do the curves of the spine develop?
The ‘primary’ thoracic & sacral curves remain.
Cervical curve appears by 6 months, to support head.
Lumbar curve appears by 12 months to support trunk.
where does the newborn spine end?
L1/2
what position is the lower limb in at birth?
At birth lower limb occupies the foetal position of flexion.
what is a greenstick fracture?
Agreenstick fractureis afracturein a young, soft bone in which the bone bends and breaks.
- This is owing in large part to the thick fibrousperiosteumof the immature bone.
- With age, bones become harder (calcified) and more brittle and the periosteum becomes thinner and less restrictive.
- Greenstick fractures usually occur most often during infancy and childhood when bones are soft.
causes of hydrocephalus
aqueductal stenosis/spina bifida/tumours/arachnoid cysts
are sinuses presents in newborns?
nope- rudimentary at best
what allows the baby to breathe while suckling?
A high larynx and small jaw allows the infant to breath while suckling
buccal pad supports the cheek
when do milk teeth start coming
6-24m
shape of epiglottis?
u shaped, long and stiff
why are all babies born with blue eyes
takes time for melanocytes to produce melanin
flow of blood in foetus
Some right atrial blood –> right ventricle –> Pulmonary artery –> Ductus arteriosus –> Aorta
Left atrium–> Left ventricle–> Aorta–> Body–> Umbilical arteries (via internal iliac arteries) –> Placenta
what position do the ribs lie in infants
horizontal
oblique by 2y
why do infants have pot bellies?
small pelvis and large liver
most common cause for inguinal hernias in infants
patent processus vaginalis
