Padalecki 1 Flashcards
A. The shape of the orbit is almost ______.
- Medial walls are _____; lateral walls are ______.
- Comprised of all or part of _____ bones
- Lined with _____ (orbital periosteum) which forms a funnel shaped fascial sheath that encloses the orbital contents.
A. pyramidal
- parallel; at right angles
- seven
- periorbita
Boundaries of the Orbital margin
a. Frontal bone
b. Maxilla
c. Zygomatic bone
Boundaries of the Superior wall or roof
a. Frontal bone (orbital plate)
b. Lesser wing of the sphenoid bone (posterior part)
Boundaries of the Medial wall
a. Ethmoid - lamina papyracea
b. Frontal bone
c. Lacrimal bone
d. Sphenoid bone
Boundaries of the Inferior wall
(Separated from lateral wall by the inferior orbital fissure)
a. Maxilla - orbital surface
b. Zygomatic bone
c. Palatine bone – (orbital process)
Boundaries of the Lateral wall
a. Zygomatic bone - frontal process
b. Sphenoid bone - greater wing
- Orbital margin—fractures at _____.
- Blowout fractures: ____ and ____ walls are thin and may fracture while the margin remains intact
- _____ wall is stronger but still thin and can be penetrated by sharp objects. Problematic because it is directly related to the frontal lobe.
- sutures
- medial and inferior
- Superior
Vessels in optic canal
- transmits optic nerve (CN II)
- ophthalmic artery
Vessels in Superior Orbital Fissure
- oculomotor nerve (CN III)
- trochlear nerve (CN IV)
- ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve (CN V1)
- abducens nerve (CN VI)
- superior ophthalmic vein
Vessels in Inferior Orbital Fissure
- Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V2)
- infraorbital artery
- infraorbital vein
Soft tissues of the orbit
A. Skin B. Tela subcutanea C. Orbicularis oculi muscle D. Fibrous layer E. Conjunctiva
Components of fibrous layer
- Orbital septum
- Aponeurosis of levator palpebrae superioris muscle
- Superior tarsal muscle
- Tarsal plate
Components of the conjunctiva
- Palpebral conjuntiva
- Orbital conjunctiva
- Conjunctival fornix
Muscles responsible for opening palpebral fissure
- Levator palpebrae superioris
2. Superior tarsal muscle
Muscles responsible for closing palpebral fissure
- Orbicularis oculi
Components of lacrimal apparatus
- Lacrimal gland
- Lacrimal puncta
- Lacriaml canaliculi
- Lacrimal sac
- Nasolacrimal duct
Innervation of superior oblique m.
CN IV (trochlear)
Innervation of lateral rectus m.
CN VI (abducens)
Innervation of Levator palpebrae superioris, Inferior rectus, Medial rectus, Superior rectus, Inferior oblique
CN III (oculomotor)
Action of medial rectus
Adduction
Action of lateral rectus
Abduction
Action of superior rectus
- Elevation
2. Adduction
Action of inferior rectus
- Depression
2. Adduction
Action of inferior oblique
- Elevation
2. Abduction
Action of superior oblique
- Depression
2. Abduction
Branches of ophthalmic artery (branch of internal carotid, enters orbit through optic canal)
- Posterior ethmoidal
- Anterior ethmoidal
- Dorsal nasal
- Supratrochlear
- Supraorbital
- Central artery of the retina
- Ciliary arteries (long and short posterior)
- Lacrimal
- Palpebral arteries
Veins of the orbit
- Supraorbital vein
- Infraorbital vein
- Superior ophthalmic vein
- Inferior ophthalmic vein
Nerves of the orbit
- Optic (CN II)
- Oculomotor (CN III)
- Trochlear (CN IV)
- Ophthalmic (CN V1)
- Abducens (CN VI)
Branches of ophthalmic nerve
- Frontal nerve
- Nasociliary nerve
- Anterior ethmoid
- Infratrochlear
- Long ciliary
- Short ciliary
Layers of eyeball
- Fibrous coat
- Vascular coat
- Retina
Components of fibrous coat
- Sclera
2. Cornea
Components of vascular coat
- Choroid
- Ciliary body
- Iris
Components of retina
- Optic part
2. Non-visual part
Refractive media
- Cornea
- Aqueous humor
- Lens
Smooth muscle of eyeball
- Ciliary muscle
- Sphincter pupillae muscle
- Dilator pupillae muscle
- Superior tarsal muscle
