Pack 6 - Structure of the Heart

Question 1

What is double circulation?

Answer 1

Two separate pumps side by side

• Pulmonary is on the RHS and sends deoxy
• Systemic is on the LHS and sends oxy blood to the rest of the body.

Question 2

How many chambers does the heart have?

Answer 2

4

Question 3

Ventricle summary

Answer 3

• The left ventricle is much thicker than the right as it needs to contract with more force
• This generates a higher pressure
• As it pumps blood all around the body

Question 4

Major blood vessels

Answer 4

• When ventricles contract blood passes through semi lunar valves (SLV)
• Blood from the RHS passes into the pulmonary artery, and then to the lungs
• Blood from the LHS passes into the aorta, and from there to the rest of the body

Question 5

What is the function of the atrioventricular and semi lunar valves?

Answer 5

• Prevents backflow for blood
• AVV prevent backflow from ventricles to atria
• SLV prevents backflow from atria to ventricles

Question 6

What is diastole?

Answer 6

• During diastole, the heart relaxes

- During this the atria will fill with blood form the vena cava and pulmonary veins

Question 7

What is atrial systole?

Answer 7

• Blood fills the atria from the vena cava and pulmonary veins
• The atrial muscle contracts which increases pressure above that of the ventricles
• The forces the atrioventricular valves open and blood flows into the ventricles

Question 8

What is ventricular systole?

Answer 8

• AVV closes as pressure is higher in ventricle then atria

- SLV open because of this