Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physics 🔭 > P8c Astrophysics > Flashcards

P8c Astrophysics Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Physics 101 flashcards AP® Physics flashcards
1
Q

What are the planets in our solar system?

A

Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a terrestrial planet?

A

A planet composed primarily of silicate rocks or metals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which planets in our solar system are terrestrial planets?

A

Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a gas giant?

A

A large planet composed mostly of gases, eg hydrogen + helium, with a relatively small rocky core

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which planets in our solar system are gas giants?

A

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How did the Sun form?

A
  1. Cloud of gas and dust (nebula) collapsed due to gravity
  2. This formed a protostar which continued to accumulate mass
  3. Temp and pressure became high enough for nuclear fusion
  4. Star went into stable period called main star sequence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Planets, moons and manmade satellites are all in ___
They are kept in it by ___ and travel in a ___ motion

A

Orbit
Gravity
Circular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Objects in the solar system travel in ___ ___. There is a relationship between their ___ and ___

A

Stable orbits
Speed
Radius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

If the speed of an object in orbit increases, the radius of the orbit…

A

Decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

If the speed of an object in orbit decreases, the radius…

A

Increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Planets closer to the sun travel at a ___ speed

A

Faster

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What happens when the radius of an object in orbit decreases?

A

Speed increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In a main sequence star, ___ nuclei are fused together to form ___
This releases energy as…

A

Hydrogen
Helium
Heat and light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What stages are there in the life cycle of a small star (eg the Sun)?

A

Main sequence
Red giant
White dwarf
Black dwarf

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What happens after the main sequence stage?

A

Eventually all hydrogen fuel runs out
Star cools and expands, becoming a red giant
Starts to fuse together helium nuclei to release energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What happens after the red giant stage?

A

As helium fuel runs out, outward forces reduce in size and star collapses inwards
Temperature increases
White dwarf is formed, which is the hot core of the star

17
Q

What happens after the white dwarf stage?

A

When the star completely cools the star becomes a black dwarf
Doesn’t emit any light or heat

18
Q

What happens after the red giant stage for a large star?

A

Explodes in a supernova

19
Q

What does a supernova produce?

A

Elements heavier than iron

20
Q

A supernova leaves behind…

A

Either a black hole or a neutron star

21
Q

The fusion processes in stars produce…

A

All naturally occurring elements

22
Q

All stars fuse ___ nuclei into ___ in nuclear fusion

A

Hydrogen
Helium

23
Q

Large stars fuse ___ nuclei into ___ and other ___

A

Hydrogen
Lithium
Light metals

24
Q

The Doppler effect describes…

A

The observed wavelength and frequency of waves changing when the source moves with respect to an observer

25
Q

In the Doppler effect, do the wavelength and frequency actually change?

A

No, they only appear to change

26
Q

When the source of the waves is approaching…

A

The frequency shifts upwards for observers

27
Q

When the source of the waves is receding…

A

The frequency shifts downwards for observers

28
Q

What is red-shift?

A

As an object moves away from us, the wavelength of light it emits gets longer
The light gets redder as red has the longest wavelength
This effect is called red-shift

29
Q

The faster an object is moving away from us…

A

The longer its wavelength gets and the redder it appears

30
Q

How does red-shift provide evidence for the universe expanding?

A

Light from distant galaxies is red-shifted
The further the galaxy, the greater the red-shift, which means the further away it is, the faster it’s moving away from us

31
Q

Which colour has the longest wavelength?

A

Red

32
Q

What is the Big Bang theory?

A

The universe began from a very small, hot, dense region
It started expanding and is still expanding today

33
Q

What is cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR)?

A

Scientists have discovered microwave radiation coming from every direction
This is called cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR)
It is the radiation produced by gas at low temps

34
Q

Red-shift is evidence that the universe is…

A

Expanding

35
Q

Which types of waves can be affected by the Doppler effect?

A

All types of wave

36
Q

Moons are ___ satellites

A

Natural

37
Q

Name 3 types of star

A

3 from:
Main sequence
Black dwarf
Red giant
White dwarf
Protostar
Supernova

Physics 🔭 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions