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X GCSE Physics - outdated and incomplete due to advanced information 2022 > P8 - Forces In Balance > Flashcards

P8 - Forces In Balance Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Distance?

A

Distance is the length travelled

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2
Q

What is displacement?

A

Displacement is distance without change of direction. In other words displacement is the distance in a given direction.

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3
Q

What is a Scalar quantity?

A

A scalar quantity is magnitude without direcrion

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4
Q

What is a vector quantity?

A

A vector quantity is magnitude with direction.

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5
Q

Give an example of a scalar quantity.

A

Distance, speed, time, mass, energy and power

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6
Q

Give an example of a vector quantity

A

Acceleration, force, momentum, weight and gravitational field strength

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7
Q

How is a vector quantity represented?

A

The direction of the arrow represents the direction of the vector quantity. The length of the vector quantity represents the magnitude of the vector quantity.

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8
Q

What is a force?

A

A force is a push or a pull that acts upon an object due to its interaction with another object.

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9
Q

What are forces measured in?

A

Newtons, N

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10
Q

Give some examples of what a force can do to an object?

A

It can change the shape of am object, start or stop it moving, or change its direction.

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11
Q

What is a contact force?

A

A contact force is a force that requires 2 or more objects to physically touch each other to occur

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12
Q

What is a non contact force?

A

A non contact force is a force that acts upon an object without coming physically in contact with it.

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13
Q

Give some examples of a contact force.

A

Friction, air resistance, water resistance and tension

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14
Q

Give some examples of non-contact forces

A

Magnetic force, electrostatic force and gravity.

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15
Q

What is Newtons third law of motion?

A

When 2 objects interact with each other, they exert equal and opposite forces on each other.

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16
Q

Give an 2 examples of newtons third law of motion in action

A

If a boxer punches a bag with a force of 100N, he will experience an equal and opposite force of 100N.
If a rocket exerts a force of 1 Million Newtons downwards it will experience an equal and opposite force of 1 Million Newtons pushing it upwards.

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17
Q

What is driving force.

A

Driving force is the force from the tyre of a car pushing backwards on the floor, when a car is driving

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18
Q

What is the equal and opposite force to driving force?

A

Friction from the ground

19
Q

What is resultant force?

A

If an object has more than 1 force acting upon it then the resultant force of the object is the single force that has the same effect as all the forces acting upon the object.

20
Q

What is newtons first law of motion?

A

If the forces acting upon an object are balanced the resultant force is zero and therefore:
°If the object is at rest it will stay at rest.
°If the object is in motion it will stay in motion.
(Objects in motion tend to stay in motion and objects at rest tend to stay at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force)

21
Q

How do you find the resultant force of 2 forces going in the same or opposite directions?

A

If the forces are going in the same direction you add the forces to find the resultant force and if they are going in opposite directions you subtract the smaller force from the larger force.

22
Q

What is a moment?

A

A moment is the turning effect of a force

23
Q

What is the equation for a moment?

A 
M = F x D, where:
M = Moment of the force, in Newton Metres (Nm)
F = Force, in newtons (N)
D = the perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to the pivot point, in Metres (M)
24
Q

How do you increase the size of a moment?

A

°Increase the magnitude of the force

°Increase the distance from the pivot point.

25
Q

How does a lever utilise moments?

A

The weight of an object is called the load, the force applied to the lever is called the effort and the point about which the lever turns is called the pivot. The lever acts as a force multiplier as the force is applied at a distance from the pivot point.

26
Q

What is the line of action of a force?

A

The line of action is the line that the force acts along

27
Q

What speed does a low gear give?

A

Low speed

28
Q

What turning effect does a low gear give?

A

High turning effect

29
Q

What speed does a high gear give?

A

High speed

30
Q

What turning effect does a high gear give?

A

Low turning effect

31
Q

What is a low gear

A

A low gear is a smaller gear turning a larger gear

32
Q

What is a high gear

A

A high gear is a larger gear turning a smaller gear

33
Q

What is the principles of moments?

A

When an object is not turning:

The sum of all the clockwise moments about any point = The sum of all the anticlockwise moments about that point.

34
Q

What is equilibrium?

A

Equilibrium is when the resultant force on the object is 0

35
Q

What is the centre of mass?

A

The point at which its mass can be thought of as being concentrated

36
Q

What is a load?

A

the weight of an object raised by a device used to lift the object, or the force applied by a device when it is used to shift an object

37
Q

What is friction?

A

the force opposing the relative motion of two solid surfaces in contact

38
Q

What is a free-body diagram?

A

a diagram that shows the forces acting on an object without any other objects or forces shown

39
Q

What is a force multiplier?

A

a lever used so that a weight or force can be moved by a smaller force

40
Q

What is a parallelogram of forces?

A

a geometrical method used to find the resultant of two forces that do not act along the same line

41
Q

What is the principle of moments?

A

When an object is not moving: the sum of all the clockwise moments about any point = the sum of all the anticlockwise moments about that point

42
Q

What is the equation for the principle of moments?

A

f1d1 = f2d2

43
Q

How do you perform the paralleogram of forces?

A

Use a compass to find the bisector of the 2 forces and the resultsnt force will be from the source point to the bisected point

X GCSE Physics - outdated and incomplete due to advanced information 2022 (12 decks)

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