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final physics > P6 (pmt) > Flashcards

P6 (pmt) Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two types of waves?

A
  1. Transverse

2. Longitudinal

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2
Q

What is a transverse wave?

A

A wave for which the oscillations are
perpendicular to the direction of energy
transfer

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3
Q

What is a longitudinal wave?

A

A wave for which the oscillations are
parallel to the direction of energy
transfer.

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4
Q

Give two examples of transverse waves

A
  1. Electromagnetic waves

2. Seismic s-waves

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5
Q

Give two examples of longitudinal waves.

A
  1. Sound waves

2. Seismic p-waves

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6
Q

What are the two parts of a longitudinal wave called?

A

Compressions and rarefactions.

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7
Q

What is a wave’s amplitude?

A

The maximum displacement of a point

on a wave from its undisturbed position.

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8
Q

What is wavelength?

A

● The distance from a point on a wave to
the same position on the adjacent
wave

● Most commonly peak to peak or
trough to trough

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9
Q

What is the frequency of a wave?

A

The number of waves that pass a given

point each second.

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10
Q

What is the unit used for frequency?

A

Hertz, Hz

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11
Q

What is meant by a frequency of 200Hz?

A

200 waves pass a given point each

second

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12
Q

What is wave speed?

A

The speed at which the wave moves or
at which energy is transferred through a
medium.

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13
Q

What does a wave transfer?

A

Energy

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14
Q

State the equation used to calculate wave speed.

Give appropriate units

A

Wave Speed = Frequency x Wavelength
Speed (m/s), Frequency (Hz),
Wavelength (m)

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15
Q

What word is used to describe when a wave

bounces off a surface?

A

Reflection

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16
Q

How do sound waves travel through a solid?

A

The particles in the solid vibrate and
transfer kinetic energy through the
materia

17
Q

What is the frequency range of human hearing?

A

20 Hz - 20kHz

1kHz = 1000 Hz

18
Q

What are ultrasound waves?

A

Waves which have a frequency higher
than the upper limit of human hearing
(20kHz).

19
Q

Give an example use for ultrasound waves?

A

Medical or industrial imaging.

20
Q

What natural event causes seismic waves to be

produced? What types are produced?

A

● Earthquakes

● They produce both P-waves and
S-waves

21
Q

State a difference between the mediums that

P-waves and S-waves can travel through

A

● P-waves travel through both solids and
liquids

● S-waves only travel through solids
(not liquids)

22
Q

What technique is used to detect objects in deep

water and measure water depth? (

A

● Echo sounding

● High frequency sound waves are emitted,
reflected and detected

● Time difference between emission and detection,
alongside wave speed, are used to calculate
distances

final physics (3 decks)

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