P53 first 30 years of PRIMA paper

Question 1

what was P53 found to be the partner of?

Answer 1

Polyoma large T antigen in the SV40 virus (oncoprotein)

Question 2

what type of gene is P53?

Answer 2

A tumour suppressor gene

-is frequently mutated in human cancers

Question 3

what are the new functions of P53 that have been revelaed (after cell apoptosis/senescence)

Answer 3

P53 regulates metabolic patways and ctyokines that are required for embryo implantation

Question 4

what is Li-Fraumeni syndrome?

Answer 4

A rare disorder that greatly increases the risk of developing cancers particularly in children and young adults.

Question 5

what are the 2 criteria needed for a gene to be accepted as a tumour suppressor?

Answer 5

• humans carrying germline mutations should exhibit increased cancer suseptibility (when P53 mutation carried in germline - Li-fraumeni syndrome)
• Loss of gene should confer a cancer prone phenotype in experimental adult models (occurs with P53)

Question 6

what is caused by germline P53 mutations?

Answer 6

Li-Fraumeni syndrome

Question 7

what to trp53 KO mice develop?

Answer 7

cancer/lymphomas at a high incidence

Question 8

what happened in the first decade of P53 research?

Answer 8

Cloning of P53 DNA and realisation that P53 is not an oncogene but is a TUMOUR SUPPRESSOR

Question 9

what happened in the second decade of P53 research?

Answer 9

showed P53 is a TRANSRIPTION FACTOR induced by stress which can promote cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and senescence.