P5. Thermal Effects

Question 1

Kinetic theory of matter

Answer 1

1. Matter is made up of tiny particles which are constantly in motion
2. KE is the least in the solid state, more in the liquid state and most in the gaseous state

Question 2

Brownian motion

Answer 2

The random/zig-zag motion of particles in a suspension caused by bombardment of molecules

Question 3

Ice point (lower fixed point)

Answer 3

Temperature of pure melting ice

Question 4

Steam point (upper fixed point)

Answer 4

Temperature of steam from water that is boiling under standard atmospheric pressure

Question 5

Conduction

Answer 5

How heat transfers through direct contact with objects that are touching

Question 6

Convection

Answer 6

How heat passes through fluids (liquids and gases)

Question 7

Radiation

Answer 7

How heat travels through a vacuum in the form of electromagnetic waves

Question 8

Thermal capacity

Answer 8

The amount of heat that must be supplied to the body to increase its temperature by 1°C

Question 9

Specific heat capacity

Answer 9

The amount of heat that must be supplied to increase the temperature by 1°C for a mass of 1kg of the substance

Question 10

(Specific) Latent heat of fusion

Answer 10

The quantity of heat needed to change 1kg of solid to a liquid at its melting point without any change in temperature

Question 11

(Specific) Latent heat of vaporisation

Answer 11

The quantity of heat needed to change 1kg of liquid into gas or vapour at its boiling point without any change in temperature