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Pro Physics > P4,P5 > Flashcards

P4,P5 Flashcards

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1
Q

Draw an LDR?

A

Is it

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2
Q

Draw a diode?

A
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3
Q

Draw a resistor?

A

Draw

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4
Q

Draw a bulb?

A

Bulb

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5
Q

Draw a fuse?

A

Fuse

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6
Q

Draw a battery?

A

Battery

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7
Q

Draw a cell?

A

Cell

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8
Q

Draw a LED?

A

Led

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9
Q

Draw an ammeter?

A

Ammeter

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10
Q

Draw a thermister

A

Thermister

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11
Q

A voltmeter must be placed in a series or a parallel?

A

Parallel

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12
Q

Describe how a basic transformer is made?

A

The primary and secondary coil wrapped around an iron core

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13
Q

What is an electric current created chemically?

A

DC

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14
Q

Example of a use of thermistor?

A

To turn off the heater when house reaches a certain temperature

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15
Q

Examples of how to create static electricity?

A

Rubbing ruler/balloon on head

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16
Q

Examples of rectifiers?

A

Diodes

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17
Q

Explain how the resistance of a filament lamp changes as the potential difference across it?

A

As the PD across the filament lamp increases current also increases due to ohms law. Current flow also increases the lamp to heat up which causes resistance to as well

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18
Q

Formula for charge,current and time?

A

Q = It
Charge (c) = current(a) x time(s)

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19
Q

Formula for energy,charge and potential difference?

A

E = Qv
Energy = Q (coulombs) x V (volts)

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20
Q

Formula for Energy,power and time?

A

E = Pt
Energy (J) = Power(W) x Time(s)

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21
Q

Formula for power,current and resistance?

A

P = I^2R
Power = current^2 x resistance

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22
Q

How are electromagnets used in doorbells?

A

When the bell is pressed the switch is closed. This causes a current flow in the circut. A magnetjc feild is now produced. The iron contact is attracted to the electromagnet. When the contacts moves towards the magnetic feild the clapper hits the bell. Now no current

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23
Q

How can the voltage output from an alternator be doubled?

A

Double the speed

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24
Q

How can you get an electrostatic shock?

A

You get it when you are electrically charged and touch something earthed. You get charged by for example walking on carpet

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25
Q

How do loudspeakers and headphones use motor effect?

A

They convert variations in electrical circuts to pressure variations in sound waves

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26
Q

How do you calculate efficiency?

A

Output power/input power x 100

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27
Q

How do you calculate the total resistance in a series circut?

A

Sum of all resistor’s resistance

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28
Q

How does a loudspeaker work?

A

1) A current in the creates a magnetic field
2) the magnetic field interacts with the permenant magnet generating a force pushing the cone
3) the current is made to flow in the opposite direction
4)direction of magnetic field reverses
5) the force of cone pulls it back

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29
Q

How is a positive static charge caused?

A

Protons and neutrons cannot move object to object so electrons move elswhere causing less negative charge

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30
Q

In a series circut current is ______ everywhere?

A

Equal

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31
Q

Is mains electricity AC or DC?

A

AC

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32
Q

Voltage of UK mains supply?

A

230V

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33
Q

What can be said about electrical power input and output of an effecient transformer?

A

Power input = power output

34
Q

What does a diode do?

A

Allows current to flow in one direction

35
Q

What does a dynamo use the generator effect for?

A

To generate direct current

36
Q

What does a stepdown transformer do?

A

Increases the current and lowers the voltage

37
Q

What does a thermistor do?

A

Resistance changes with temperature

38
Q

What does an ammeter do?

A

Measure the current in amps flowing through a wire. An ammeter must be placed in a series

39
Q

What does more energy effecient mean?

A

A higher percentage of the energy is transfered

40
Q

What does the natural grid consist of?

A

Cables and transformers

41
Q

What electromagnetic effect does a microphone take advantage of?

A
  • The generator effect
42
Q

What happens if a component in a series breaks?

A

Entire circut is broken and they all stop

43
Q

What happenes if the resistance increases?

A

The smaller the current flows

44
Q

What happens if you add a resisitor or component in parallel circut?

A

The resistance decreases as more components are added because there are more paths to go through

45
Q

What happens to the current in a parallel circut?

A

Shared between components

46
Q

What happens when a electrical conductor moves to a magnetic field?

A

A potential difference is induced across the ends of a conductor

47
Q

What is a rectifier?

A

Something that turns alternating current into direct current

48
Q

What is a step up transformer?

A

Increase voltage reduce current

49
Q

What is an alternating current?

A

Constantly changes direction

50
Q

What is an electric field?

A

A region where a charged object will experience a non contact electrical force

51
Q

What is an ohmic conductor?

A

A conductor which Obeys ohms law

52
Q

What is charge?

A

The amount of current passing through a certain point in a certain amount of seconds

53
Q

What is direct current?

A

Current flowing in same direction

54
Q

What is electric current?

A

Flow of electric charge

55
Q

Whats is ohms law?

A

Voltage is directly proportional to current flowing through it

56
Q

Hat is potential difference measured in?

A

Volts

57
Q

What is potential difference?

A

How much energy is transfered between two points in a circut

58
Q

What is resistance measured in?

A

Ohms

59
Q

What is resistance?

A

Measure of oposition to current flow in electrical circut

60
Q

What is rotated by an energy force to produce electricity by generator effecf?

A

Turbine

61
Q

What is static electricity?

A

The result of imbalance between negative and positive charges in a object

62
Q

What is the earth wire used for?

A

To protect wire amd stop appliance from being live

63
Q

What is the frequency of electricity supply in uk?

A

50hz

64
Q

What is the function of a microphone?

A

Converts sound waves in electrical signals

65
Q

What is the live wire?

A

Transfers electricity to appliance

66
Q

What is the national grid?

A

A giant system of cabels and transformers that covers the uk and connects power station to consumers

67
Q

What is neutral wire used for?

A
  • Completes the circut and carries away current
  • electricity normally flows through a live wire and out through a neutral wire
68
Q

Whats the purpose of a fuse in a circut?

A

The fuse breaks a circut if the appliance causes too much current to flow

69
Q

What is the requirement for an indiced potential differenceto cause current flow?

A

Current must form a closed loop

70
Q

What is the unit for current?

A

Amps

71
Q

What remains constant in ohmic conductor?

A

Resistance

72
Q

What type of conductor is a fixed resistor?

A

Ohmic conductor

73
Q

What are parallel circuts mostly used in?

A

Houses

74
Q

Why do solar pannels on homes help reduce enviromental impact?

A

Less fossil fuel burned

75
Q

Why does a van de gaaf generator make ur hair stand up?

A

Each strand of hair picks up the same haie and repels each other

76
Q

Why does natural grid use transformers?

A

High current makes you lose loads of energy. It is cheaper to boost high voltage and keep current low

77
Q

How can closing the switch affect the variable resistor?

A

Current will be 0 because switch has 0 resistance

78
Q

Advantage of transmiting electricity at a high potential differenece?

A
  • Low currents
  • Less thermal energy transfered
79
Q

Why is it a person holding a kite near a power cable get an electric shock?

A
  • electric field strength is high
  • Causing air to become ionised
80
Q

Explin why current in a steel wire is different to an aluminium wire?

A

Pd is same but steel wire resistance is greater

81
Q

Why is it when an electrician touches a live wire they receive an electric shock?

A
  • The Pd of the wire is 230v
  • The pd of the person is 0v
  • large pd between two
  • current passes through body
82
Q

How does the current on a thermistor depend on the tempeature?

A

As the current increases so does the temperature

Pro Physics (14 decks)

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