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Year 10 - Physics > P4 + P5 > Flashcards

P4 + P5 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the job of an open switch?

A

Breaks the circuit to stop the electrical current.

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2
Q

What is the job of a closed switch

A

Allows the electrical current

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3
Q

What is the job of a cell?

A

A singular source of energy

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4
Q

What is the job of a battery?

A

multiple sources of energy

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5
Q

What is the job of a resistor?

A

Reduces electrical current

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6
Q

What is the job of a bulb?

A

Emits light

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7
Q

What is electricity?

A

the movement of electrons

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8
Q

What are the 2 types of electrical circuits?

A

Series and parallel

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9
Q

What is a series circuit?

A

it is connected with one pathway only (except a voltmeter)

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10
Q

What is a parallel circuit?

A

Connected with 2 or more pathways.

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11
Q

When drawing a circuit diagram, what way does the current flow?

A

From the positive side of the battery to the negative side.

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12
Q

What is the definition of current?

A

it is the rate of flow of charge

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13
Q

What is the equation for charge?

A

Q (charge) = I (current) x t (time)

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14
Q

What are the units for charge?

A

C or coulombs

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15
Q

What are the units for current?

A

Amps or A

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16
Q

What are the units for time?

A

secons or s

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17
Q

In a series circuit, the current is…

A

constant in all positions

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18
Q

In a parallel circuit, current can …

A

change in different positions

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19
Q

What is potential difference?

A

the difference in the amount of potential energy between 2 points.

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20
Q

What is potential difference measured in?

A

Volts

21
Q

Why do electrons move?

A

because of electrostatic attration

22
Q

What is the equation for energy?

A

E=QxV

23
Q

What is the equation for resistance?

A

R (resistance) = I (current) / V (potential difference)

24
Q

What is resistance measured in?

A

Ohms or that weird symbol

25
Q

mA —> A ?

A

Divide by 1000

26
Q

mA <— A

A

X 1000

27
Q

How does static electricity work?

A
  1. An object becomes charged by adding or removing electrons.
  2. A potential difference occurs between the 2 objects.
  3. The potential difference causes current to flow between the surface until there’s no longer a potential difference.
28
Q

What are the dangers of static electricity?

A

The sparks are enough to set a flammable material alight and cause a fire.

29
Q

What is alternating current (AC)?

A

If the current constantly changes direction. Light flickering quickly

30
Q

Mains electricity is an __ supply, with the UK mains supply being about ___v and having a frequency of __ Hz.

A

AC
230v
50Hz

31
Q

What’s the graph for AC?

A

A wavy line

32
Q

What’s the graph for DC?

A

A straight line across

33
Q

What is direct current (DC)?

A

If the current flows in only one direction.

34
Q

What has a DC supply?

A

Batteries and cells

35
Q

How much does a typical battery supply of DC?

A

1.5v

36
Q

What is the function of live wire?

A

Carries current around the circuit. Current goes into device.

37
Q

What is the function of the neutral wire?

A

Carries current round the circuit away from device.

38
Q

What is the function of the neutral wire?

A

Safety wire. Used to earth appliance when something goes wrong.

39
Q

What is the colour for the live wire?

A

Brown

40
Q

What’s the colour for the neutral wire?

A

Blue

41
Q

What’s the colour for the earth wire?

A

Green/yellow

42
Q

What do fuses prevent?

A

Fires

43
Q

What does earth wires protect?

A

Electrocution

44
Q

What are the 3 safety features appliances have?

A

The fuse, earth wire, switch

45
Q

How and why does the fuse melt?

A

If a large current will flow through the fuse causing it to melt. This breaks the circuit and protect the appliance and user from harm.

46
Q

What is the calculation for fuse?

A

Power = current x potential difference

47
Q

What are the 8 energy stores?

A

Chemical
Thermal
Elastic
Magnetic
Gravitational potential
Electrostatic
Kinetic
Nuclear

48
Q

What is the equation for efficiency?

A

Useful energy / total energy (x 100 if asking for percentage)

49
Q

How do you increase efficiency?

A

To increase efficiency of a machine, the wasted energy transfers need TK be reduced with no change to the useful transfers.

Year 10 - Physics (6 decks)

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