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GCSE Physics > P4 > Flashcards

P4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a contact force?

A

Forces that require the objects to be touching e.g. friction

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2
Q

What is a non-contact force?

A

Forces in which the objects aren’t touching e.g. gravity

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3
Q

What is Newtons third law?

A

When two objects interact, the forces they exert on each other are equal and opposite

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4
Q

Is a book sitting on a table an interaction pair?

A

No, there are 4 forces at work-

  • The book being pulled down by gravity
  • The book pulling up on the Earth
  • The table pushing up on the book
  • The book pushing down on the table
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5
Q

What is weight?

A

A downwards force due to gravitational attraction between an object and a planet
The gravitational field strength of Earth is around 10 N
You calculate weight by multiplying ones mass by 10

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6
Q

What are scalar quantities?

A

Just number (e.g. speed, distance, time etc)

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7
Q

What are vector quantities?

A

Numbers and direction (e.g. velocity, displacement etc)

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8
Q

What is acceleration?

A

The change in velocity over a certain amount of time

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9
Q

How can you work out average speed in a distance time graph?

A

Change in y / Change in x

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10
Q

What is accelerating and decelerating on a distance time graph?

A 
Accelerating = gradient getting steeper
Decelerating = gradient getting less steep
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11
Q

What axis is time always on?

A

The x

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12
Q

What is the gradient on a velocity time graph?

A

Average acceleration

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13
Q

What is the resultant force?

A

The overall force acting on a point or object

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14
Q

What is a freebody diagram?

A

A diagram in which you draw arrows in the direction forces are acting on an object, with the size of the force correlating with the size

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15
Q

How can you use scale diagrams to find resultant force?

A

0) Assign a scale for N (e.g. 1 cm = 1 N)
1) Draw all the forces acting on an object tip to tail
2) Draw a straight line from the start of the first line to the end of the last
3) Measure the length of the length of the line to find the magnitude of the resultant force, and measure the angle to find the direction of the resultant force

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16
Q

What does it mean if an object is in equilibrium?

A

When all the forces acting on it are balanced

17
Q

What is Newtons first law?

A

If an object is moving in a straight line, and the resultant force is 0 N, it will carry on moving in a straight line at a constant speed
If an object is stationary and the resultant force is 0 N, it will not move

18
Q

What is Newtons second law?

A

That a change of momentum due to a force, is proportional to the size of the force and the time for which it acts
Change of momentum (kg m/s) = Resultant force (N) x Time for which it acts (s)

19
Q

What is the law of conservation of momentum?

A

In a collision where no external forces act, momentum does not change i.e after a collision the momentum is the same

20
Q

What is inertial mass?

A

The measure of how difficult it is to change the velocity of the object

21
Q

What is a moment?

A

The rotational effect of a force

22
Q

How can you increase the turning effect?

A

Greater the applied force or further the force from the pivot

23
Q

What do levers do?

A

Transfer the rotational effect of a force- push one end down and the rotation around the pivot causes the other to rise
They make doing tasks like lifting and moving easier

24
Q

What do gears do?

A

They fit together and transfer the turning effect

25
Q

How can you measure reaction time?

A

Ruler drop test

26
Q

When is work done?

A

When a force moves an object, transferring energy

27
Q

In a situation where there are no frictional forces, what does work done =

A

It will be = to the amount of energy transferred to useful stores

28
Q

What is power?

A

The rate of energy transfer

GCSE Physics (7 decks)

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