P2

Question 1

What are the 8 different energy stores?

Answer 1

Thermal
Electro-magnetic
Electro-static
Nuclear
Gravitational potential
Elastic
Chemical
Kinetic

Question 2

What are the two methods of energy transfer?

Answer 2

Heating and working

Question 3

What are the three ways in which energy can be transferred via heating?

Answer 3

Conduction, Convection and Radiation

Question 4

What is conduction?

Answer 4

When vibrating particles transfer energy to neighbouring particles

Question 5

What is convection?

Answer 5

When energetic particles move from hotter to cooler regions

Question 6

What are the two ways in which energy can be transferred via working?

Answer 6

Mechanically

Electrically

Question 7

What does it mean to transfer energy mechanically?

Answer 7

An object moving due to a force doing work on it

Question 8

What does it mean to transfer energy electrically?

Answer 8

A charge doing electrical work against resistance

Question 9

What is the conservation of energy principle?

Answer 9

Energy can be transferred usefully, stored or dissipitated, but can never be created or destroyed.

Question 10

How to most fossil fuel power stations generate energy?

Answer 10

1) Fossil fuels burning heats water
2) Water boils and forms steam
3) Steam drives turbine
4) The turbine is connected to an electrical generator which spins a magnet near a coil of wire which induces a voltage which drives a current

Question 11

What are the pros and cons of wind power?

Answer 11

PROS:
- Infinite supply
- No fuel cost
- No pollution
CONS-
- Ugly and noisy
- Require a lot of space
- Only produce energy when its windy- cannot respond to sudden high demand
- High set up costs

Question 12

What are the pros and cons of solar power?

Answer 12

PROS:
- Infinite supply
- No running costs
- No pollution 
CONS-
- High set up costs
- Only produce energy when its day- cannot respond to sudden high demand

Question 13

What are the pros and cons of biofuel power?

Answer 13

PROS:
- Renewable
- When growing plants, they can take CO2 out of the atmosphere (sometimes no net carbon change)
CONS:
- Releases CO2 and Methane when burnt
- High costs
- Lots of land must be cleared- loss of habitat

Question 14

What are the pros and cons of hydroelectric power?

Answer 14

PROS:
- Reliable
- Minimal running costs
- When demand increases, more water can be let out to generate more energy
- Renewable
- No pollution when running
CONS:
- Requires lots of space
- Initial high costs
- Big environmental impact on ecosystems
- Ugly

Question 15

What are the pros and cons of tidal barrage power?

Answer 15

PROS:
- Infinite supply
- Reliable
- No pollution when running
- Low running
CONS:
- High initial cost
- Affects wildlife and boat access
- Can spoil the view

Question 16

How is our energy demands changing?

Answer 16

• The world demand for electricity is increasing due to increasing population, rapidly developing countries, urbanisation and other factor
• Concerns about electricity have led to people making changes in their lives and putting pressure on the government
• Research is being done to find new energy sources

These factors have increased the use of renewable sources

Question 17

How is electricity distributed?

Answer 17

Via the national grid, to homes and industry alike

Question 18

What are a.c supplies?

Answer 18

Supplies in which the current is constantly changing direction

Question 19

What are d.c supplies?

Answer 19

Supplies in which the current is constantly flowing in the same direction

Question 20

What type of supply is mains supply?

Answer 20

A.c

Question 21

What type of supply is battery supply?

Answer 21

D.c

Question 22

What is the live wire?

Answer 22

• Brown
• Carries the voltage in
• 230V

Question 23

What is the neutral wire?

Answer 23

• Blue
• Carries the voltage out
• 0V

Question 24

What is the earth wire?

Answer 24

• Green and yellow
• For safety
• Carries the current away if something goes wrong
• 0V