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Science Y9 > P3.1 - New Technology > Flashcards

P3.1 - New Technology Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an analogue signal?

A

A signal that can have any value

e.g. transverse wave

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2
Q

What is a digital signal?

A

A signal that can only have the two values 1 or 0 (binary)

e.g. longitudinal wave

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3
Q

How are bits (1 or 0) stored on a magnetic storage drive?

A

Small magnetic bits of material show how they are magnetised

e.g. S-N = 1, N-S = 0

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4
Q

What is the calculation for efficiency?

A

efficiency (%) = ( useful energy / total energy ) * 100

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5
Q

What does LED stand for?

A

Light-Emitting Diode

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6
Q

What does LDR stand for?

A

Light dependent resistor

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7
Q

What are the 2 type of waves on the electromagnetic spectrum that technology usually communicates through?

A

microwaves and radiowaves

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8
Q

What is the efficiency of LEDs?

A

around 30%

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9
Q

What does LDR stand for?

A

Light Dependent Resistor
circuit symbol

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10
Q

How does the resistance of a LDR change based on light levels?

A

A higher light level means the resistance decreases

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11
Q

How can LDR’s improve efficiency?

A

They can be used to detect daylight to turn off lights when they are not in use.

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12
Q

What is a circuit component that senses temperature?

A

Thermistor
circuit symbol

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13
Q

What is a use of a thermistor?

A

They are used in incubators to control temperatures

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14
Q

How does a thermistor work?

A

The resistance changes with the surrounding temperature

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15
Q

What is a device that is used to check someone’s oxygen saturation (%SpO2) in their blood?

A

Oximeter

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16
Q

What is total internal reflection?

A

Where light reflects fully off the boundary of 2 media

17
Q

What are the two conditions required for total internal reflection?

A
  1. light to be traveling from a more dense medium to a less dense medium
  2. the angle of incidence must be greater than the critical angle
18
Q

What is the critical angle of a medium?

A

At a certian angle of incidence, light will refract 90° and travel along the boundary of the two media

19
Q

What is an endoscope?

A

A piece of equipment used to view someones insides using optical fibres and a camera.

20
Q

How does an x-ray work?

A

X-rays are sent through the body and then hit a detector. Bones are more dense than tissue so they absorb x-rays and leave an image of what x-rays came through the body.

21
Q

What are gamma rays used for?

A

To observing how someones kidneys are functioning

22
Q

What are x-rays used for?

A
  • Observing bones and if they are damages
  • Spotting tumors
23
Q

What are ultrasounds used for?

A

Viewing organs and their content

24
Q

What does MRI stand for?

A

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

25
Q

What are MRIs used for?

A

producing a detailed image of an organ works

26
Q

What would you need to find out if you want to know where an object will go when hit?

A
  • angle when hit
  • initial speed
27
Q

What is reaction time?

A

the amount of time taken for a person to respond to a stimulus or event

28
Q

What is the average human reaction time?

A

0.2 seconds

200 milliseconds

29
Q

What happens in nuclear fission?

A

Atoms are split apart creating energy

29
Q

What happens in nuclear fusion?

A

Atoms are fused/joined together which creates energy. Usually hydrogen atoms are fused into helium.

30
Q

Do solar cells use a generator?

A

No, they absorb light and create P.D. directly

P.D. - Potential Difference

31
Q

What is an incubator

A

A safe controlled environment

32
Q

What is the amplitude of a wave

A

height from the peak to the centre of a wave

33
Q

What is the frequency of a wave

A

how many waves pass a fixed point over an amount of time

Science Y9 (5 decks)

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