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Top 200 > P3 Quiz 2 > Flashcards

P3 Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Alendronate

A

Fosamax

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2
Q

Amitriptyline

A

Elavil

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3
Q

Anastrozole

A

Arimidex

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4
Q

Bupropion

A

Wellbutrin, Zyban

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5
Q

Citalopram

A

Celexa

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6
Q

Denosumab

A

Prolia

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7
Q

Escitalopram

A

Lexapro

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8
Q

Estradiol

A

Vivelle-Dot, Alora, Climara, Femring, Estrace

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9
Q

Finasteride

A

Proscar

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10
Q

Fluoxetine

A

Prozac, Sarafem

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11
Q

Levothyroxine

A

Synthroid, Levoxyl

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12
Q

Medroxyprogesterone

A

Provera

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13
Q

Nortriptyline

A

Pamelor

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14
Q

Oxybutynin

A

Ditropan

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15
Q

Progesterone

A

Prometrium

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16
Q

Raloxifene

A

Evista

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17
Q

Sertraline

A

Zoloft

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18
Q

Sildenafil

A

Viagra, Revatio

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19
Q

Tadalafil

A

Cialis

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20
Q

Tamsulosin

A

Flomax

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21
Q

Testosterone

A

Androgel

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22
Q

Tolterodine

A

Detrol

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23
Q

Trazodone

A

Desyrel

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24
Q

Alendronate class

A

Biphosphonate

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25
Q

Alendronate uses

A
  1. ) Postmenopausal osteoporosis prophylaxis (M and F)- 5 mg QD, 35 mg once weekly
  2. ) Postmenopausal osteoporosis (M and F) or glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis - 10mg QD, 70mg once weekly
  3. ) Paget disease- 40 mg PO QD for 6 months
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26
Q

Alendronate MOA

A

Alendronate binds to bone hydroxyapatite and, at the cellular level, inhibits osteoclast activity, thereby inhibiting bone resorption and modulating bone metabolism.

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27
Q

Alendronate contraindications

A

Esophageal abnormalities
Hypersensitivity
Hypocalcemia
Inability to sit or stand upright for at least 30 min
Increased risk for adverse esophageal effects

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28
Q

DDI alendronate

A

Aluminum, calcium, magnesium, or iron containing products- decreases biphosphonate abs

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29
Q

Alendronate common AE

A

Fever, gastric ulcer, decreased serum calcium

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30
Q

Alendronate rare but serious AE

A

Osteonecrosis of the jaw, esophageal cancer, immune hypersensitivity, arrhythmia, fractures

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31
Q

Amitriptyline class

A

TCA

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32
Q

Amitriptyline indication

A

Depression- 75 mg divided into 1-3 daily doses

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33
Q

Amitriptyline MOA

A

Amitriptyline is a TCA that blocks presynaptic reuptake of serotonin and NE with subsequent downregulation of adrenergic receptors

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34
Q

Amitriptyline BBW

A

Suicidality, not approved for children <12 years of age

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35
Q

Amitriptyline contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity
Concurrent MAOI or MAOI use in last 14 days
Use during acute recovery period after MI
Coadministration of cisapride

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36
Q

Amitriptyline DDI

A

Anticholinergics- additive AE
Antiarrhythmics, and drugs that increase QTc prolongation- increased risk of cardiotoxicity
CYP2D6 inhibitors- decreased amitriptyline metabolism increases risk of toxicity
Linezolid, MAOIs, methylene blue, SSRIs- increased risk of serotonin syndrome

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37
Q

Amitriptyline common AE

A

Sedation

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38
Q

Amitriptyline rare but serious AE

A

Cardiac dysrhythmia, hepatotoxicity, seizures, suicidal thoughts

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39
Q

Anastrozole class

A

Aromatase inhibitor

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40
Q

Anastrozole indication

A
  1. ) Breast cancer, adjuvant, postmenopausal, hormone receptor positive- 1 mg QD for 5-10 years
  2. ) Breast cancer, advanced or metastatic, postmenopausal, following tamoxifen therapy- 1 mg QD until tumor progression
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41
Q

Anastrozole MOA

A

Adrenally generated androstenedione is the primary source of estrogen in postmenopausal women and is converted to estrone by aromatase. Anastrozole is a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor.

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42
Q

Anastrozole contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity and pregnancy

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43
Q

Anastrozole DDI

A

Tamoxifen- reduced anastrozole levels

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44
Q

Anastrozole common AE

A

Edema, HTN, vasodilation, nausea, vomiting, arthralgia, arthritis, osteoporosis, hot flashes, depression, GI tract disorder

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45
Q

Anastrozole rare but serious AE

A

MI, endometrial cancer, cerebrovascular accident

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46
Q

Bupropion class

A

Monocyclic antidepressant

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47
Q

Bupropion FDA indication

A
  1. ) Depression- 100 mg BID x 3 days, increase to 100 mg TID
  2. ) SAD- 150 mg QD
  3. ) Smoking cessation assistance- 150mg BID
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48
Q

Bupropion MOA

A

Bupropion is a monocyclic antidepressant, unique as a mild dopamine and norepinephrine uptake inhibitor with no direct effects on serotonin receptors or MAO

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49
Q

Bupropion BBW

A

Suicidality

Neuropsychiatric reactions

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50
Q

Bupropion Contraindications

A

Seizure disorder, history of anorexia/bulimia
Use of MAOI within 14 days
Patients undergoing abrupt d/c of ethanol, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, or antiepileptics

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51
Q

Bupropion DDI

A

Alcohol- increased risk of seizures
CYP3A4/5, 2B6 inducers- increased bupropion metabolism, reduces bupropion effectiveness
CYP3A4/5,2B6 inhibitors- decreased bupropion metabolism increases risk of toxicity
CYP2D6 substrates- decreased metabolism of substrates or activation of prodrugs requiring CYP2D6

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52
Q

Bupropion common AE

A

Agitation, constipation, dizziness, HA, insomnia, nausea, tachyarrhythmia, tremor, xerostomia

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53
Q

Bupropion rare but serious AE

A

Cardiac dysrhythmia, mania, seizure, suicidal thoughts, wide QRS complex

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54
Q

Citalopram class

A

SSRI

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55
Q

Citalopram indication

A

Depression- 20 mg QD

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56
Q

Citalopram MOA

A

Citalopram is a bicyclic antidepressant that is a selective and potent inhibitor of presynaptic reuptake of serotonin. It does not affect the reuptake of NE or dopamine and has a relative lack of affinity for muscarinic, histamine, alpha1 and alpha2 adrenergic, and serotonin receptors.

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57
Q

Citalopram BBW

A

Suicidal ideation, not approved for use in children

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58
Q

Citalopram contraindication

A

Hypersensitivity, concomitant use of pimozide, MAOIs

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59
Q

Citalopram DDI

A

Anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs, NSAIDs- increased risk of bleeding
Dextroamphetamine, triptans, linezolid, lithium, MAOIs- serotonin syndrome
CYP2C19 and CYP3A4/5 inducers- increased citalopram metabolism reduces citalopram effectiveness
CYP2C19 and CYP3A4/5 inhibitors- decreased citalopram metabolism increases risk of citalopram toxicity

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60
Q

Citalopram common AE

A

Constipation, dizziness, HA, insomnia, N, sedation, xerostomia

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61
Q

Citalopram rare but serious AE

A

Prolonged QTc interval, serotonin syndrome, suicidal thoughts, torsades de pointes, agranulocytosis

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62
Q

Escitalopram class

A

SSRI antidepressant

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63
Q

Escitalopram indication

A
  1. ) Depression-10-20mg QD

2. ) Anxiety- 10-20mg QD

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64
Q

Escitalopram MOA

A

Escitalopram is the s-enantiomer of racemic citalopram and is an antidepressant that is a selective and potent inhibitor of presynaptic reuptake of serotonin (SSRI). It does not affect reuptake of NE or dopamine and has a relative lack of affinity for muscarinic, histamine, alpha1 and 2, and serotonin receptors.

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65
Q

Escitalopram BBW

A

Suicidality

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66
Q

Escitalopram contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity to citalopram or escitalopram

Concurrent MAOI use

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67
Q

Escitalopram DDI

A

Anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs, NSAIDs, omega 3 FA- increased risk of bleeding
Triptans, SNRIs, Linezolid, MAOIs- increased risk of serotonin syndrome
Lithium- increased lithium concentrations
CYP3A4/5, 2C19 inducers- increased escitalopram metabolism, reducing efficacy.
CYP3A/4, 2C19 inhibitors- decreased escitalopram metabolism, increasing toxicity.

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68
Q

Escitalopram common AE

A

HA, nausea, sedation

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69
Q

Escitalopram rare but serious AE

A

Prolonged QTc interval, serotonin syndrome, suicidal thoughts, torsades de pointes

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70
Q

Estradiol class

A

Estrogen

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71
Q

Estradiol MOA

A

Estradiol is the most potent of the naturally occurring estrogens and the major estrogen secreted during the reproductive years. Estradiol and other estrogens produce characteristic effects on specific tissues (such as breast), cause proliferation of vaginal and uterine mucosa, increase calcium deposition in bone, and accelerate epiphyseal closure after initial growth stimulation.

72
Q

Estradiol indications

A
  1. ) Abnormal vasomotor function, menopause- 1-2 mg QD for 21 days, 7 off
  2. ) Atrophic vulva or vagina, menopause- same as above
  3. ) Breast cancer, metastatic, for palliation only- 10mg TID for 3 months
  4. ) Carcinoma of prostate, advanced, androgen-dependent, palliation only- 1-2mg TID
  5. ) Decreased estrogen level- 1-2mg QD
  6. ) Postmenopausal osteoporosis prophylaxis- 0.5mg QD for 23 days then 5 days off
73
Q

Estradiol BBW

A

Endometrial and breast cancer risk, dementia risk, should not be used to reduce CV risk
Secondary exposure risk (transdermal solution)

74
Q

Estradiol contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity to estradiol
H/O thromboembolic disorders, breast cancer, any estrogen-dependent neoplasm
Known or suspected pregnancy

75
Q

Estradiol DDI

A

CYP3A4/5, 1A2, P-gp inducers- increased estradiol metabolism or transport reduces estradiol effectiveness
CYP3A4/5, 1A2, P-gp inhibitors- decreased estradiol metabolism or transport increases risk of estradiol toxicity

76
Q

Estradiol common AE

A

None

77
Q

Estradiol rare but serious AE

A

Heart disease, MI, DM, venous thromboembolism, anaphylaxis, cerebrovascular accident, PE, breast, endometrial or ovarian cancer

78
Q

Finasteride class

A

5 alpha reductase inhibitor

79
Q

Finasteride MOA

A

Finasteride inhibits the conversion of testosterone to DHT

80
Q

Finasteride indications

A
  1. ) Benign prostatic hyperplasia- 5 mg QD

2. ) Male pattern alopecia- 1 mg QD

81
Q

Finasteride contraindications

A

hypersensitivity to finasteride, pregnancy, use in children

82
Q

Finasteride common AE

A

Impotence, reduced libido

83
Q

Finasteride rare, serious AE

A

HF, angioedema, allergic skin reactions, male breast cancer, prostate cancer

84
Q

Finasteride DDI

A

None

85
Q

Fluoxetine Class

A

SSRI

86
Q

Fluoxetine indications

A
  1. ) Depression- 20 mg QD
  2. ) OCD- 20 mg QD
  3. ) Panic disorder- 10 mg QD
  4. ) Premenstrual dysphoric disorder- 20 mg QD
  5. ) Bulimia- 20 mg QD
87
Q

Fluoxetine MOA

A

Fluoxetine is a bicyclic antidepressant that is a selective and potent inhibitor of presynaptic reuptake of serotonin

88
Q

Fluoxetine BBW

A

Suicidality, approved in children >7 for OCD; >8 for MDD

89
Q

Fluoxetine DDI

A

Antiplatelet agents, NSAIDs, warfarin- increased risk of bleeding
Agents that prolong QTc interval
CYP2C9 and CYP2D6 substrates- decreased metabolism of substrates, increased substrate toxicity.
CYP2C9 inducers- increased metabolism of fluoxetine and decreased fluoxetine efficacy
CYP2C9 and 2D5 inhibitors- decreased metabolism of fluoxetine and increased risk of fluoxetine toxicity
Triptans, dextroamphetamines, tramadol, linezolid, MAOIs, TCAs, SNRIs- increased risk of serotonin syndrome

90
Q

Fluoxetine common AE

A

Diarrhea, HA, insomnia, nausea, somnolence, tremor, xerostomia

91
Q

Fluoxetine rare but serious AE

A

Prolonged QTc interval, serotonin syndrome, suicidal thoughts, torsades de pointes, SIADH

92
Q

Levothyroxine indication

A
  1. ) Hypothyroidism

2. ) Thyroid stimulating hormone suppression: Thyroid cancer

93
Q

Levothyroxine MOA

A

Levothyroxine sodium is a synthetic thyroid hormone. The endogenous hormones, T3 and T4, diffuse into the cell nucleus and bind to thyroid receptor proteins attached to DNA. The hormone nuclear receptor complex activates gene transcription and synthesis of messenger RNA and cytoplasmic proteins

94
Q

Levothyroxine BBW

A

Not for weight reduction

95
Q

Levothyroxine contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity, nontoxic diffuse goiter or nodular thyroid disease, thyrotoxicosis, AMI
Treatment of obesity or weight loss
Uncorrected adrenal insufficiency; may precipitate acute adrenal crisis

96
Q

Levothyroxine common AE

A

None known

97
Q

Levothyroxine rare but serious AE

A

Aggravation of preexisting CV disease, hyperthyroidism

98
Q

Levothyroxine DDI

A

Aluminum, calcium, Mg antacids, iron, sucralfate, orlistat- decreased abs of levothyroxine
Estrogens- estrogen induced increases in thyroxine binding globulin concentration
Eltrombopag- inhibition of AOTP1b1-mediated elimination of levothyroxine
Imatinib- decreased levothyroxine effectiveness
Phenytoin, rifampin, simvastatin- increased levothyroxine clearance
Warfarin- enhanced anticoagulant effect

99
Q

Medroxyprogesterone MOA

A

Medroxyprogesterone transforms proliferative into secretory endometrium. Androgenic and anabolic effects have been noted, but the drug is apparently devoid of significant estrogenic activity

100
Q

Medroxyprogesterone indications

A
  1. ) Abnormal uterine bleeding unrelated to menstrual cycle: 5-10 mg QD for 5-10 days
  2. ) Prevention of estrogen-induced endometrial hyperplasia: 6-10 mg QD for 12-14 days
  3. ) Secondary physiologic amenorrhea: 5-10 mg QD for 5-10 days
101
Q

Medroxyprogesterone BBW

A

CV, dementia risk, loss of BMD; breast cancer

102
Q

Medroxyprogesterone contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity to medroxyprogesterone, abnormal genital bleeding, history of estrogen or progesterone dependent neoplasia, active or h/o DVT or PE, severe liver dysfunction, known or suspected pregnancy

103
Q

Medroxyprogesterone DDI

A

CYP3A4/5 inducers- increased medroxyprogesterone metabolism reduces efficacy
CYP3A4/5 inhibitors- decreased medroxyprogesterone metabolism increases toxicity
CYP3A4/5 substrates- increased substrate metabolism decreases efficacy
Corticosteroids- clearance of corticosteroid reduced by inhibition of corticosteroid metabolism resulting in steroid toxicity
Warfarin- medroxyprogesterone may increase or decrease warfarin effectiveness

104
Q

Medroxyprogesterone Common AE

A

Weight gain, HA, amenorrhea, breast tenderness, nervousness

105
Q

Medroxyprogesterone rare but serious AE

A

DVT, thrombophlebitis, osteoporosis, PE

106
Q

Nortriptyline class

A

TCA

107
Q

Nortriptyline MOA

A

Nortriptyline is the demethylated metabolite of amitriptyline, a heterocyclic antidepressant that blocks presynaptic reuptake of NE with subsequent downregulation of adrenergic receptors. Heterocyclic antidepressants have less effects on serotonergic activity than on other neurotransmitters

108
Q

Nortriptyline indication

A

Depression- 25mg TID-QID

109
Q

Nortriptyline BBW

A

Suicidality

110
Q

Nortriptyline contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity to nortriptyline or other TCAs
MAOI concurrent use or use within 14 days
Use during acute recovery period after MI
Patient using linezolid or IV methylene blue

111
Q

Nortriptyline DDI

A

Amphetamines- increased risk of HTN, cardiac effects, CNS stimulation
Linezolid, MAOIs, methylene blue, SSRIs- increased risk of serotonin syndrome
Antiarrhythmics, agents that cause QTc prolongation- increased risk of cardiotoxicity
CYP2D6 inhibitors- decreased metabolism of nortriptyline increases risk of nortriptyline toxicity
CNS depressants- additive CNS depression

112
Q

Nortriptyline common AE

A

Constipation

113
Q

Nortriptyline rare but serious AE

A

Cardiac dysrhythmia, hear block, hepatotoxicity, seizures, suicidal thoughts

114
Q

Oxybutynin class

A

urinary antispasmodic

115
Q

Oxybutynin MOA

A

Oxybutynin is a competitive, muscarinic receptor antagonist. Muscarinic receptors play an important role in several major cholinergically mediated functions, including contractions of the urinary bladder smooth muscle and stimulation of salivary secretion.

116
Q

Oxybutynin indication

A

Overactive or neurogenic bladder- 5 mg BID-TID

117
Q

Oxybutynin contractions

A

Hypersensitivity to oxybutynin, gastric retention, glaucoma, urinary retention

118
Q

Oxybutynin DDI

A

CYP3A4/5 inhibitors- decreased oxybutynin metabolism increasing toxicity
CYP3A4/5 inducer- increased oxybutynin metabolism, decreasing efficacy
Anticholinergic agents- additive anticholinergic AE

119
Q

Oxybutynin common AE

A

Constipation, xerostomia, blurred vision

120
Q

Oxybutynin rare but serious AE

A

Prolonged QTc interval, seizures, tachycardia

121
Q

Progesterone MOA

A

Progesterone transforms proliferative endometrium into secretory endometrium. Parenterally administered progesterone inhibits gonadotropin production, which in turn prevents follicular maturation and ovulation.

122
Q

Progesterone Indications

A
  1. ) Prevention of estrogen-induced endometrial hyperplasia- 200mg QHS got 12 days of a cycle
  2. ) Secondary physiologic amenorrhea- 400 mg QHS for 10 days
  3. ) Assisted reproduction for infertile women
123
Q

Progesterone BBW

A

CV disorders, breast cancer, dementia risk, risk versus benefit

124
Q

Progesterone contraindications

A

Abnormal vaginal bleeding, history of estrogen or progesterone dependent neoplasia
Active or h/o DVT or PE
Known or suspected pregnancy

125
Q

Progesterone DDI

A

CYP2C19, 3A4/5 inducers- increased progesterone metabolism reducing efficacy
CYP2C19, 3A4/5 inhibitors- increased toxicity
Warfarin- may increase or decrease warfarin efficacy

126
Q

Progesterone common AE

A

Weight change, HA, amenorrhea, breast tenderness, abdominal pain

127
Q

Progesterone rare but serious AE

A

Thromboembolism (DVT, PE), thrombophlebitis, osteoporosis

128
Q

Raloxifene class

A

Selective estrogen receptor modulator

129
Q

Raloxifene MOA

A

Raloxifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) and binds to estrogen receptors, resulting in activation of estrogenic pathways in some tissues (Agonism) and blockade in others (antagonism). Raloxifene appears to act as an estrogen agonist in bone, decreasing bone resorption and bone turnover and increasing BMD

130
Q

Raloxifene BBW

A

Venous thromboembolism, stroke

131
Q

Raloxifene contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity to raloxifene

Pregnancy or lactation, current or history of thromboembolic disorders

132
Q

Raloxifene DDI

A

Bile acid sequestrants- reduced abs of raloxifene

133
Q

Raloxifene common AE

A

Hot flashes, arthralgia, flu-like symptoms

134
Q

Raloxifene rare but serious AE

A

Edema, hypertriglyceridemia, VTE, cerebrovascular accident, PE

135
Q

Sertraline class

A

SSRI

136
Q

Sertraline MOA

A

Sertraline is an SSRI that indirectly results in a downregulation of beta-adrenergic receptors. It has no clinically important eff3ect on noradrenergic or histamine receptors and no effect on MAO. It lacks stimulant, CV, anticholinergic, and convulsant effects.

137
Q

Sertraline DDI

A

CYP2D6 inhibitors- decreased sertraline metabolism increasing toxicity
CYP2B6, 2C19, 2D6, substrates- decreased substrate metabolism increasing toxicity
Antiplatelet drugs, NSAIDs- increased risk of bleeding
Triptans, SSRIs, dextroamphetamine, tramadol, MAOIs, linezolid, opioids- increased risk of serotonin syndrome

138
Q

Sertraline common AE

A

Diarrhea, fatigue, HA, insomnia, nausea

139
Q

Sertraline rare but serious AE

A

Serotonin syndrome, suicidal thoughts

140
Q

Sildenafil MOA

A

Inhibition of PDE5 by sildenafil increases the amount of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP) enhancing erectile function and pulmonary vasculature relaxation. Penile erection during sexual stimulation is mediated by the release of NO from nerve terminals and endothelial cells, which stimulates the synthesis of cyclic GMP in smooth muscle cells. Cyclic GMP causes smooth muscle relaxation and increased blood flow into the corpus cavernosum and vasodilation in the pulmonary bed

141
Q

Sildenafil indication

A
  1. ) Erectile dysfunction- 25-100mg PO prn 1 hr prior to sexual activity
  2. ) Pulmonary HTN: 5-20 mg PO TID
142
Q

Sildenafil contraindications

A

hypersensitivity to PDE inhibitors, concurrent nitrates, concurrent HIV protease inhibitors when used for treating pulmonary HTN, concurrent guanylate cyclase stimulators

143
Q

Sildenafil DDI

A

CYP3A4/5 inducers- increased sildenafil metabolism reduces efficacy
CYP3A4/5 inhibitors- decreased sildenafil metabolism increases toxicity
alpha adrenergic agents- additive hypotension
Nitrates- additive hypotension
Protease inhibitors- increased concentration of sildenafil and increased toxicity

144
Q

Sildenafil common AE

A

flushing, N, HA, visual disturbance, lack of blue/green color discrimination

145
Q

Sildenafil rare but serious AE

A

AMI, seizures, strokes, sudden hearing loss, priapism

146
Q

Tadalafil moa

A

Same as sildenafil

147
Q

Tadalafil indication

A
  1. ) Erectile dysfunction- daily use or 30 min prior to activity
  2. ) BPH- 5 mg QD
  3. ) Pulmonary HTN- 40 mg QD
148
Q

Tadalafil contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity to PDE inhibitors, concurrent nitrates, concurrent guanylate cyclase stimulators

149
Q

Tadalafil DDI

A

CYP3A4/5 inducers- increased tadalafil metabolism reducing efficacy
CYP3A4/5 inhibitors- decreased tadalafil metabolism increases toxicity
Alpha adrenergic agents and nitrates- hypotension

150
Q

Tadalafil common AE

A

Flushing, nausea, myalgia, HA

151
Q

Tadalafil rare but serious AE

A

SJS, AMI, seizures, strokes, sudden hearing loss

152
Q

Tamsulosin class

A

Alpha 1 adrenergic blocker

153
Q

Tamsulosin MOA

A

Tamsulosin is closely related to quinazoline derivatives that selectively block postsynaptic alpha1 adrenergic receptors. Total peripheral resistance is reduced through arterial and venous dilations. Reflex tachycardia that occurs with other vasodilators is infrequent because there is no presynaptic alpha 2 receptor blockade. The drugs also decrease total cholesterol, increase HDL cholesterol, and may improve glucose tolerance and reduce left ventricular mass during long term therapy. They increase urine flow in BPW by relaxing smooth muscle tone in the bladder neck and prostate

154
Q

Tamsulosin indication

A

BPH- 0.4mg QD

155
Q

Tamsulosin contraindication

A

Hypersensitivity to tamsulosin

156
Q

Tamsulosin DDI

A

Alpha1 blockers- hypotension
CYP3A4/5 inducers- increased Tamsulosin metabolism reduces efficacy
CYP3A4/5, 2D6 inhibitors- decreased tamsulosin metabolism, increasing toxicity
Beta blockers, CCBs, MAOIs- increased risk of hypotension, especially with 1st dose

157
Q

Tamsulosin common AE

A

Dizziness, HA, abnormal ejaculation, rhinitis

158
Q

Tamsulosin rare but serious AE

A

Retinal detachment, priapism

159
Q

Testosterone MOA

A

Androgens are responsible for normal growth and development of male sex organs. Testosterone is involved in the growth and maturation of the prostate, seminal vesicles, penis, and scrotum; development of mail hair distribution; laryngeal enlargement; vocal cord thickening; alterations in body musculature and fat distribution

160
Q

Testosterone indication

A

Hypogonadism

161
Q

Testosterone BBW

A

Secondary exposure

162
Q

Testosterone contraindication

A

Hypersensitivity to testosterone; men with breast or prostate cancer; women who are pregnant, who may become pregnant, or who are breast-feeding

163
Q

Testosterone DDI

A

Warfarin- testosterone suppresses clotting factors II, V, VII, and X, and competes with warfarin for plasma protein binding, increasing risk of bleeding

164
Q

Testosterone common AE

A

BPH, testicular atrophy, PSA increase

165
Q

Testosterone rare but serious AE

A

Cardiac arrest, cerebrovascular accident, hepatotoxicity, hallucinations, hostility and aggression

166
Q

Tolterodine class

A

Antimuscarinic

167
Q

Tolterodine MOA

A

Tolterodine, a competitive muscarinic receptor antagonist, has a high binding affinity for the cholinergic muscarinic receptors that mediate contraction of the urinary bladder and salivation. The drug exerts its significant effects on the lower urinary tract by increasing the residual urine and decreasing detrusor pressure

168
Q

Tolterodine indication

A

Bladder muscle dysfunction, overactive- 1-2 mg BID IR or 2-4mg QD ER

169
Q

Tolterodine contraindication

A

Hypersensitivity to tolterodine, fesoterodine
Gastric retention
Uncontrolled narrow angle glaucoma
Urinary retention

170
Q

Trazodone MOA

A

Mechanism of antidepressant action is not fully understood but suspected to be related to its potentiation of serotonergic activity in the CNS by inhibiting reuptake of serotonin. Trazodone also significantly blocks H1 and alpha 1 adrenergic receptors

171
Q

Trazodone BBW

A

Suicidal ideation, not for use in children

172
Q

Trazodone contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity, use of MAOI

173
Q

Trazodone DDI

A

Amiodarone, agents that prolong QTc interval
CYP3A4/5 inhibitors- decreased trazodone metabolism, increasing toxicity
CYP3A4/5 inducers- increased trazodone metabolism decreasing efficacy
Digoxin, phenytoin- increased digoxin or phenytoin concentrations and risk of toxicity
Fluoxetine, linezolid, paroxetine, venlafaxine- increase AE or serotonin syndrome
Warfarin- increase or decreased prothrombin times

174
Q

Trazodone common AE

A

Dizziness, sedation, HA, N, somnolence, xerostomia

175
Q

Trazodone rare but serious AE

A

Bleeding risk, cardiac dysrhythmia, fractures, priapism, prolonged QTc, serotonin syndrome, suicidal thoughts, torsades de pointes

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