P3 Particles

Question 1

Why are solids the most dense?

Answer 1

They have a large number of particles in a set volume

Question 2

How do you calculate density?

Answer 2

Mass/ volume (kg/m^3)

Question 3

What RPA is used to calculate the density of irregular objects?

Answer 3

Eureka can experiment

Question 4

What is 1ml equal to?

Answer 4

1 cm^3

Question 5

What happens between melting and boiling?

Answer 5

Kinetic energy increases

Question 6

What happens during melting?

Answer 6

Bonds are broken between molecules

Question 7

Does temperature change during melting/ boiling?

Answer 7

No

Question 8

What happens during condensing and freezing?

Answer 8

Potential energy decreases forming bonds

Question 9

What is internal energy?

Answer 9

Kinetic energy + potential energy

Question 10

What happens when an item is heated?

Answer 10

The internal energy increases

Question 11

What happens when a substance is cooled?

Answer 11

The internal energy decreases

Question 12

What is specific heat capacity?

Answer 12

The energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of a material by one degree Celsius

Question 13

What does temperature change depend on?

Answer 13

Mass, specific heat capacity, the amount of of heat transferred

Question 14

What is the standard unit for specific heat capacity?

Answer 14

J/kg degree C

Question 15

What is the equation for energy change?

Answer 15

Mass x specific heat capacity x change in temperature

Question 16

What is the equation that links power, energy and time?

Answer 16

Energy = power x time

Question 17

What is the equation for specific latent heat of fusion (vaporisation)?

Answer 17

Specific latent heat = change in energy/ mass

Question 18

What is used to overcome intermolecular forces of attraction?

Answer 18

Energy

Question 19

What is the specific latent heat of fusion?

Answer 19

The energy required to convert 1kg of a substance from a solid to a liquid or from a liquid to a solid without a change in temperature.

Question 20

What is specific latent heat of vaporisation?

Answer 20

The energy required to convert 1kg of a substance from a liquid to a gas or a gas to a liquid without a change in temperature.

Question 21

What is the specific latent heat of vaporisation of water?

Answer 21

2,260,000J/kg

Question 22

What is the specific latent heat of fusion of water?

Answer 22

334,000J/kg

Question 23

What happens to pressure as volume decreases?

Answer 23

The pressure will increase as there are more collisions per second (a higher frequency of collisions) with the walls of the container. Faster and harder collisions.

Question 24

What is Boyle’s law?

Answer 24

The higher the pressure, the lower the volume

Question 25

What is the relationship between pressure and volume?

Answer 25

Pressure is inversely proportional to volume

Question 26

What happens when work is done on a gas?

Answer 26

Increases the internal energy of the gas and can cause an increase in temperature of the gas

Question 27

Absolute zero

Answer 27

The temperature at which the pressure of a gas drops to zero.

Question 28

Boiling point

Answer 28

Temperature at which a pure substance boils or condenses

Question 29

Changing of state

Answer 29

The changing of matter from one state to another e.g from a solid to a liquid

Question 30

Chemical changes

Answer 30

A change that results in the formation of new substances

Question 31

Density

Answer 31

Mass per volume of a substance

Question 32

Freezing point

Answer 32

The temperature at which a pure substance freezes

Question 33

Gas pressure

Answer 33

The force on a surface caused by the collisions of gas particles with the surface. Gas pressure acts at right angles to a surface

Question 34

Internal energy

Answer 34

The energy of the particles of a substance due to their individual motion and positions

Question 35

kelvin

Answer 35

One kelvin is the same temperature interval as 1 degree Celsius

Question 36

kelvin temperature scale

Answer 36

A temperature scale that measures temperatures relative to absolute zero

Question 37

Kinetic theory

Answer 37

A model that explains the properties of different states of matter in terms of the movement of particles.

Question 38

Latent heat

Answer 38

The energy transferred to or from a substance when it changes state

Question 39

Melting point

Answer 39

Temperature at which a pure substance melts of freezes

Question 40

Pascal

Answer 40

Unit of pressure

Question 41

Physical change

Answer 41

A change in which no new substances are produced

Question 42

Specific heat capacity

Answer 42

The energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1 degree C

Question 43

States of matter

Answer 43

Solid, liquid or gas

Question 44

Temperature

Answer 44

A measure of how hot something is

Question 45

Sublimation

Answer 45

When a solid turns directly into a gas without becoming a liquid first