P3- Particle model of matter

Question 1

How do particles vary in each state?

Answer 1

Only their arrangement and energy are different

Question 2

Describe 3 properties of particles in a solid

Answer 2

1. Strong intermolecular forces
2. Fixed and regular arrangement
3. Can only vibrate

Question 3

Give 3 properties of particles in a liquid

Answer 3

1. Weaker intermolecular forces than a solid
2. Particles are close but move randomly at low speeds
3. More energy than a solid

Question 4

Give 3 properties of particles in a gas

Answer 4

1. Very little intermolecular force
2. More energy than liquids and solids
3. Free to move randomly at different speeds

Question 5

What is pressure?

Answer 5

Forces exerted per unit

Question 6

Give the formula linking force, area and pressure.

Answer 6

Pressure = Force/Area

Question 7

What happens to the pressure of a gas if you increase the temperature?

Answer 7

It increases as particles have more energy so move quicker which causes more collisions and larger momentum so a larger force is exerted in collisions.

Question 8

What is internal energy?

Answer 8

energy stored by the particles that make up a system. e.g movement = kinetic

Question 9

What does heat mean for particles?

Answer 9

They will have more energy and a change in temperature or state.

Question 10

When will a substance change state?

Answer 10

When there is enough energy in their kinetic energy stores to break bonds.

Question 11

Solid to a liquid

Answer 11

Melting

Question 12

Liquid to gas

Answer 12

Boiling/evaporating

Question 13

Gas to liquid

Answer 13

Condensing

Question 14

Liquid to solid

Answer 14

Freezing

Question 15

Solid to Gas

Answer 15

Sublimating

Question 16

What happens to particles during a state change?

Answer 16

They are just arranged differently so mass is conserved

Question 17

What is Specific Latent Heat?

Answer 17

Amount of energy needed to change 1kg of a substance from one state to another without changing the temperature.

Question 18

What is energy used for when a substance is melting or boiling?

Answer 18

Breaking intermolecular bonds to change state, internal energy will increase the temperature after.

Question 19

Give the formula for Specific Latent Heat.

Answer 19

Energy(J) = Mass (kg) x Specific Latent Heat (J/Kg)

Question 20

What is specific latent heat of fusion?

Answer 20

SLH for melting and freezing

Question 21

What is specific latent heat of vaporization?

Answer 21

SLF for evaporating/boiling and condensing

Question 22

What is energy used for when a substance is freezing or condensing?

Answer 22

Forming intermolecular bonds to change state, temperature change will happen after and before.

Question 23

Describe a practical to measure density of a solid in 3 steps:

Answer 23

1. Use a balance to measure the mass (kg)
2. Place into Eureka can filled with water
3. Measure how much water has been displaced into the measuring cylinder

Use the equation