P3 Energy resources (paper 1)

Question 1

What does non-renewable resource mean

Answer 1

that the energy resource will run out one day

Question 2

What does renewable resource mean

Answer 2

that the energy resource will never run out

Question 3

What are fossil fuels

Answer 3

natural resources that form underground over millions of years

Question 4

what are the three main fossil fuels

Answer 4

coal
oil
natural gas

Question 5

what can you assume about a resource if it is non-renewable

Answer 5

• it will all ‘run out’ one day
• it damages the environment
• it is reliable

Question 6

what can you assume about a resource if it is renewable

Answer 6

• it will never run out
• it will not damage the environment excessively
• it is unreliable

Question 7

what are the non-renewable resources

Answer 7

• nuclear fuel
• coal
• oil
• natural gas

Question 8

what are the renewable resources

Answer 8

• solar
• wind
• hydroelectricity
• biofuel
• tidal
• geothermal

Question 9

how can non-renewable energy resources be used for transport

Answer 9

• petrol and diesel powered vehicles ~ oil
• coal in steam trains ~ coal

Question 10

how can renewable energy resources be used for transport

Answer 10

• vehicles ~ biofuel

Question 11

how can non-renewable energy resources be used for heating

Answer 11

• heating homes ~ natural gas
• fireplaces ~ coal

Question 12

how can renewable energy resources be used for heating

Answer 12

• heat buildings ~ geothermal & solar

Question 13

what is the national grid

Answer 13

a giant web of wires that covers the whole of Britain, distributing electricity from power stations to homes everywhere

Question 14

Why do we not use renewable resources more than non-renewable if they don’t harm the environment as much

Answer 14

because they don’t generate as much energy

Question 15

how does coal, oil and natural gas generate electricity

Answer 15

• either coal, oil or natural gas is burnt
• steam is produced
• steam rotates turbine, connected to the generated
• generator rotates producing electricity

Question 16

what are the advantages of coal

Answer 16

• cheap
• good transport links
• built anywhere

Question 17

what are the advantages of oil

Answer 17

• easy to transport
• built anywhere
• produces large amounts of electricity

Question 18

what are the advantages of natural gas

Answer 18

• easy to transport
• produces large amounts of electricity
• built anywhere

Question 19

what are the disadvantages of coal

Answer 19

• produces CO2
• produces sulphur dioxide
• non-renewable

Question 20

what are the disadvantages of oil

Answer 20

• produces CO2
• produces sulphur dioxide
• non-renewable

Question 21

what are the disadvantages of natural gas

Answer 21

• produces CO2
• non-renewable
• expensive

Question 22

how does nuclear power stations generate electricity

Answer 22

• nuclear fission heats water
• water produces steam
• steam rotates turbines
• turbines rotate generator

Question 23

what are the advantages of nuclear energy

Answer 23

• uranium is cheap
• no CO2
• produces a lot of electricity

Question 24

what are the disadvantages of nuclear energy

Answer 24

• safety concerns
• non-renewable

Question 25

how does biomass generate electricity

Answer 25

- biomass burnt directly in boilers - steam is produced - steam turn turbine - turbine turns generator

Question 26

what are the advantages of biomass energy

Answer 26

- renewable - neutral carbon emissions

Question 27

what are the disadvantages of biomass energy

Answer 27

- expensive - need to be built near a large supply of biomass

Question 28

how does solar energy generate electricity

Answer 28

solar cells generate electric currents directly from sunlight

Question 29

what are the advantages of solar energy

Answer 29

- renewable - no CO2 - free operating

Question 30

what are the disadvantages of solar energy

Answer 30

- needs light - doesn't work at night

Question 31

how does wind power generate electricity

Answer 31

- air flows around the blades - Low pressure created - low pressure turn the blades - blades turns the generator

Question 32

what are the advantages of wind power

Answer 32

- no CO2 produced - renewable - land occupied can still be used

Question 33

What are the disadvantages of wind power

Answer 33

- unreliable ~ can't control the wind - Have to be built in high grounds

Question 34

how does hydroelectric power generate electricity

Answer 34

- flowing water spins a turbine - turbine spins a generator - generator produces electricity

Question 35

what are the advantages of hydroelectric power

Answer 35

- no CO2 produces - sustainable - low operating costs

Question 36

what are the disadvantages of hydroelectric power

Answer 36

- very expensive to build - land floods

Question 37

how does tidal power generate electricity

Answer 37

- trapped water releases through turbines - energy is extracted when the water flows

Question 38

what are the advantages of tidal power

Answer 38

- tides are predictable - no CO2 - renewable

Question 39

what are the disadvantages of tidal power

Answer 39

- needs tide to be flowing - expensive to build

Question 40

what appliances are solar cells best for

Answer 40

calculators and watches

Question 41

In tidal power were is the water kept

Answer 41

barrages

Question 42

what are bio-fuels made from

Answer 42

plants and waste

Question 43

What releases sulfur dioxide

Answer 43

burning coal and oil

Question 44

what does burning sulfur dioxide cause

Answer 44

acid rain

Question 45

What problems do oil spillages cause

Answer 45

it affects mammals and birds that live in and around the sea

Question 46

what are we currently still dependant on for electricity

Answer 46

fossil fuels

Question 47

What can decrease the use of energy

Answer 47

- making appliances more efficient - being more careful with how much we use

Question 48

What is the use of renewable energy limited by

Answer 48

reliability money politics