P1 Energy (paper 1)

Question 1

What is energy transferred between

Answer 1

energy stores of the object

Question 2

What are the energy stores

Answer 2

Kinetic
Electrostatic
Thermal
Magnetic
Chemical
Nuclear
Elastic
Gravitational
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Question 3

What’s are the different ways energy is transferred between stores

Answer 3

mechanically
electrically
by heating
by radiation

Question 4

What is the conservation of every principle

Answer 4

Energy can be transferred usefully, stored or dissipated, but never be created or destroyed

Question 5

What is a system

Answer 5

a system is a collection of objects/bodies in which energy gets transferred between

Question 6

How is energy transferred in a system

Answer 6

into/away from the system between different objects in the system/different energy stores

Question 7

What are closed systems

Answer 7

systems where neither matter nor energy can enter or leave

Question 8

What is the total energy of a closed system

Answer 8

always zero

Question 9

what is work done

Answer 9

The amount of energy transferred

Question 10

What needs to happen for work to be done

Answer 10

current flowing

Question 11

If a ball was dropped, then what force does the work

Answer 11

gravitational force

Question 12

What is the unit of work done

Answer 12

Joules (J)

Question 13

When is energy transferred to a kinetic energy store

Answer 13

when an object speeds up

Question 14

when is energy transferred away from a kinetic energy store

Answer 14

when an object slows down

Question 15

What does the energy in the kinetic energy store depend on

Answer 15

the objects mass and speed

Question 16

If the mass and speed of an object is high, then what will the kinetic energy store be like

Answer 16

there will be more energy than a lighter, slower object

Question 17

what is gravitational potential

Answer 17

energy stored by objects that are lifted above the ground

Question 18

What do you need to lift an object in a gravitational field

Answer 18

work

Question 19

How do you increase the gravitational potential

Answer 19

Raise the object higher

Question 20

What affects the amount of energy in a GPE store

Answer 20

the objects mass, its height and the strength of the gravitational field the object is in

Question 21

What happens in the energy stores when an object falls

Answer 21

energy from its gravitational potential energy store transfers to its kinetic energy store

Question 22

What does air resistance do to some of the energy

Answer 22

Air resistance creased friction leading to some energy being transferred thermally

Question 23

What is elastic potential energy

Answer 23

energy in a stretched or squashed object

Question 24

What happens to some of the energy when it gets transferred

Answer 24

Some of the energy dissipates into the surroundings when an energy transfer takes place

Question 25

What is dissipated energy

Answer 25

energy that has not transferred usefully is has been wasteful

Question 26

What is power

Answer 26

power is the rate of energy transfer

Question 27

what is the unit for power

Answer 27

Watts (W)

Question 28

What does Watts mean

Answer 28

how many joules transferred per second

Question 29

How could you describe a 'powerful machine'

Answer 29

a machine that transfers a lot of energy in a short space of time

Question 30

How do you increase the power of an object

Answer 30

Increase how much energy is being transferred and reduce how long it takes for it to be transferred

Question 31

How do you reduce wasted energy

Answer 31

adding lubrication to prevent friction and adding thermal insulation to prevent thermal energy also caused by friction

Question 32

What does Lubrication do

Answer 32

reduce frictional forces

Question 33

Why are lubricants normally liquid

Answer 33

so that they can flow easily between objects and coat them

Question 34

What is an example of a lubricant

Answer 34

oil

Question 35

What does insulation do

Answer 35

reduce the rate of energy transfer by heating

Question 36

How can you prevent energy losses through heating in a home

Answer 36

have thicker walls that are made from a material with a low thermal conductivity Use thermal insulation (double glazed windows, loft insulation)

Question 37

What do most energy transfers involve

Answer 37

waste energy

Question 38

Why are useful devices useful

Answer 38

because they can transfer from one store to another

Question 39

What is efficiency

Answer 39

the measure of how much input energy of a system in transferred usefully

Question 40

What affects efficiency

Answer 40

the amount of input energy wasted

Question 41

How can you improve the efficiency of an energy transfer

Answer 41

insulating, lubricating or making the objects more streamlined

Question 42

How do you write efficiency

Answer 42

As a decimal or a percentage

Question 43

What doesn't efficiency have a unit

Answer 43

because it is written as a percentage or decimal of how much energy is usefully transferred

Question 44

What is the maximum percentage of efficiency

Answer 44

100%