P3

Question 1

What is a biofuel

Answer 1

Any fuel from living or recently living materials, such as animal waste

Question 2

Carbon neutral

Answer 2

A biofuel from a living organism that takes in as much CO2 from the atmosphere as it releases when the fuel is burned

Question 3

Geothermal energy

Answer 3

Energy released by radioactive substances deep within the earth

Question 4

National grid

Answer 4

The network of cables and Transformers used to transfer electricity from power stations to consumers (i.e, homes, shops, offices, factories etc)

Question 5

Nuclear fuel

Answer 5

Substance used nuclear reactors that releases energy due to nuclear fission

Question 6

Nucleus

Answer 6

Tiny positively charged object composed of protons and neutrons at the centre of every atom

Question 7

Reactor core

Answer 7

The thick steel vessel used to contain fuel rods, Control rods and the moderator in a nuclear fission reactor

Question 8

Renewable energy

Answer 8

Energy from natural sources that is always being replenished so it never runs out

Question 9

What is a non-renewable energy source

Answer 9

Nonrenewable energy resources take millions of years to form and will eventually run out as there is a finite supply earth

Question 10

What is a renewable energy resource

Answer 10

Renewable energy resources will not run out and will be around for millions of years

Question 11

What is meant by a fuel

Answer 11

If you are something that releases energy when burned via combustion or nuclear fission

Question 12

Give three examples of fossil fuels

Answer 12

Coal, oil, natural gas

Question 13

Give five examples of biofuels

Answer 13

Wood, ethanol, methane, animal waste, sugar cane

Question 14

How do you access energy from fuels

Answer 14

Energy stores access through combustion ( burning in the presence of oxygen ) or through nuclear fission in nuclear reactors

Question 15

How does a wind turbine work

Answer 15

Wind over the blades forces the turbine to turn and therefore the generator, producing electricity

Question 16

Advantages of wind turbines

Answer 16

Wind is free
No pollutants produced 
Some will think they add to a landscape 
Can be used in remote locations 
Land beneath wind turbine can still be used ( i.e for farming )

Question 17

Disadvantages of wind turbines

Answer 17

Unreliable ( wind speed varies )
No wind, electricity 
Noisy
Some people dislike how they look
Huge wind farms would be required to provide a town with sufficient electricity

Question 18

How does hydroelectric power work

Answer 18

1.Water is held behind a dam storing and gravitational potential energy
2.Water runs through pipes ( gravitational potential to kinetic energy )
passing through a turbine
3. Turbine connected to generator, producing electricity

Question 19

Advantages of hydroelectric power

Answer 19

1. Reliable constant rate of electric generation
2. No pollution
3. Water can be saved for use when electricity demand is high
4. Dams are designed to last for many decades
5. The lake can serve as a tourist attraction

Question 20

Disadvantages of hydroelectric power

Answer 20

1. Very expensive to build
2. Must operate for decades before profitable
3. Flooding of large areas required
4. People sometimes must leave their homes for land to be flooded
5. Natural habitats destroyed

Question 21

How does tidal power work

Answer 21

Water from the high tide is trapped between a barrage and is then released through turbines, turning them which turns the generator to generate electricity

Question 22

How does wave power work

Answer 22

A wave generator use wave motion to make a generator move up and down, this turns the generator to generate electricity which is transferred to the shore via a cable

Question 23

Advantages of tidal and wave power

Answer 23

1. No pollution
2. Free energy resource
3. Can predict the tides
4. Infinite resource
5. Low maintenance cost

Question 24

Disadvantages of tidal and wave power

Answer 24

1. Cost of set up is high
2. Generation is from short period at tide peaks
3. Are you ideal locations along the coast lines
4. Can disrupt sea life
5. Must withstand harsh storms

Question 25

Advantages of renewable energy

Answer 25

1. Zero fuel costs 2. Sustainable 3. No pollution ( clean, green) 4. Hydro can meet sudden demand 5. Solar good for remote locations 6. Many require little maintenance to keep running 7. Many technology is improving to produce more electricity and becoming less expensive, so fuel costs will go down rather than up

Question 26

Disadvantages of renewable energy

Answer 26

1. Unreliable (except for hydro ) 2. Initially expensive, payback time 3. Tidal and hydro destroy habitats 4. Wind, noise pollution and eyesores

Question 27

Carbon neutral

Answer 27

A biofuel from a living organism that takes in as much Co2 as it releases when it is burned

Question 28

What are fossil fuels, examples, advantages, disadvantages

Answer 28

A fossil fuel is an energy resource that take millions of years to form and will eventually run out. e.g (crude oil, coal and natural gas.) Advantages of them: include that they are affordable and have high energy density. Disadvantages of them: they realise high amounts of CO2 when burned and they will eventually run out.

Question 29

What are biofuels, examples, advatages, disadvantages

Answer 29

Biofuels are fuels taken from living or recently living organisms e.g methane from animal waste and ethanol. Advantages of them: include that they are carbon neutral and renewable resources Disadvantages of them: they are expensive to be produced into energy

Question 30

How are fossil fuels formed

Answer 30

Fossil fuels are when millions of years ago animals and plants died and their body's sank to the bottom of oceans and rivers. Their remains where covered by many layers of sand clay and mud which became sedimentary rock. As more rock covered them the pressure and temperature increased. The remains where then heated which changed them into crude oil, coal and natural gas. Large drills are often used to extract these resources.

Question 31

What us wind power, how does it work, advantages, disadvantages

Answer 31

Wind power is power that comes from wind turbines. The force of the wind spins the turbines blades around which are connected to a generator, which then generates electricity from the kinetic energy of the spinning turbine blade. Advantages of this: it uses renewable resources Disadvantages of this: in oder to be deployed in the most effective places they often have to travel for miles and they are very expensive per machine

Question 32

Disadvantages of renewable energy

Answer 32

1. Unreliable (except for hydro ) 2. Initially expensive, payback time 3. Tidal and hydro destroy habitats 4. Wind, noise pollution and eyesores

Question 33

What is a non renewable enrrgy source

Answer 33

Nonrenewable energy resources take millions of years to form and will eventually run out as there is a finite supply earth

Question 34

What is solar power

Answer 34

Solar power is power that comes from solar panels. Solar panels have cold water pumped in then the heat from the sun reflecting of many mirrors heats it up as it leaves the solar panel. The hot water then enters a generator were it becomes electricity

Question 35

Advantages of solar power

Answer 35

It is sustainable and renewable energy and they do not produce any noise.

Question 36

Disadvantages of solar power

Answer 36

Solar panels are very expensive and it is dependent of clear weather