P3 Flashcards
Particle Model
A model that describes the arrangement and movement of particles in a substance
Solids
Particles are arranged in a regular arrangement and vibrate in a fixed position
Liquids
Particles are randomly arranged, they can move past each other (flow) and particles are still very close together
Gases
Particles are randomly arranged, far apart and move quickly and randomly
Compressed
Means squashed. Gases can be compressed because the particles are far apart, Liquids and solids cannot be comprassed because the particles are too close together
Kinetic energy
Movement energy, Particles gain kinetic energy when the temperature Increases. Gas particles have more kinetic energy than solids or liquids
What os the formula for Density
Density = Mass/Volume
What are the units for mass, density and volume
Density = Kg/m3 Mass = Kg Volume = m3
Explain the differences in density between solids. liquids and gases
Solids have the highest density because the particles are closely packed, Gases
are the least dense as there is a lot of space between particles
What happens to mass during a change of state
Stays constant
What two things can happen when you heat a system
Temperature can increase and state can change
How do you measure the volume of a regular object
Measure the length of the three sides and multiply together
Internal energy
Internal energy is the total kinetic energy and potential energy of all the particles
(atoms and molecules) that make up a system, Internal energy = total kinetic + total
potential energy
Density
The word density means how much mass (particles) there are in a given volume (space)
Regular shaped object
An object that we can calculate the volume of using common formula e.g a cube
irregular shaped object
An object that you cant find the volume of using common formula e.g a chess peice
Specific Latent Heat
The energy needed to change state of 1kg of a substance without changing temperature
Specific Heat Capacity
The energy needed to heat up 1kg of a material by a temperature of 1C
What is the formula for Specific heat capacity
What is the formula for specific latent heat
E = m x l
Why doesn’t the temperature of a material change as it changes state
Energy goes into making/breaking bonds
what happens to pressure if the size of a container is reduced
The pressure would increase as particles would hit the walls of the container more often
How do you measure the volume on an irregular object
Fill a eureka can, place object in the water and collect displaced water. Measure the volume of displaced water
How do you calculate constant
pressure x volume = constant
