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chemistry > P2C17 - Groups in periodic table > Flashcards

P2C17 - Groups in periodic table Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the elements in Group 1 referred to as?

A

Alkali metals

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2
Q

What are the 3 reactive elements in group 1 in order? (Alkali metals)

A

Potassium
Sodium
Lithium

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3
Q

What happens if lithium reacts with oxygen?

A

Burns with a crimson flame

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4
Q

What happens if lithium reacts with water?

A

Floats on water
Effervesces (bubbles of hydrogen gas)

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5
Q

What happens if Sodium reacts with oxygen?

A

Burns with a yellow/orange flame

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6
Q

What happens if Sodium reacts with water?

A

Floats on surface and moves around quickly
Effervesces
Generates enough heat to melt itself

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7
Q

What happens if Potassium reacts with oxygen?

A

Burns with a lilac flame

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8
Q

What happens if Potassium reacts with water?

A

Floats on surface and moves around quickly
Bursts into flames and sparks given off
Quick and vigorous

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9
Q

Why is potassium more reactive than sodium and lithium?

A

More shells,
, so outer electrons are less attracted to the nucleus and further away
, so is able to lose them quicker.

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10
Q

What is formed when a metal reacts with water?

A

A hydroxide

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11
Q

What is formed when a metal reacts with oxygen? What does the oxygen do to the metal?

A

An oxide
Turns metal from shiny to dull

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12
Q

What colour of solution is produced when a metal chloride is dissolved in water?

A

Colourless

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13
Q

Whats formed in Metal + water?

A

Metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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14
Q

What are elements in Group 7 called?

A

The halogens

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15
Q

What is a group in the periodic table?

A

Number of outer shell electrons

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16
Q

What’s formed when halogens share electrons?

A

A diatomic molecule

17
Q

What is a diatomic molecule?

A

Molecules made of pairs of atoms

18
Q

What is formed when a metal atom transfers its outer electron to a non-metal atom?

A

Salts

19
Q

As you go down group 7, do the elements get more or less reactive?

A

Less

20
Q

What are the 3 main halogens?

A

Bromine
Iodine
Chlorine

21
Q

What are bromines, iodines and chlorines properties at room temperature?

A

Bromine - Red/brown liquid
Chlorine - Pale green gas
Iodine - Dark grey solid

22
Q

What’s the test for chlorine?

A

Put litmus paper in test tube with a gas.
If gas is chlorine, litmus paper will change colour from red to white.

23
Q

What are the elements in group 0 referred to as?

A

The noble gases

24
Q

Are noble gases reactive? Why or why not?

A

They are inert because they have a complete outer shell meaning they’re stable.

25
Q

What does inert mean?

A

Unreactive

26
Q

Why are noble gases monatomic?

A

They exist as single atoms (monatomic) as they are inert.

27
Q

What are the properties of the noble gases? (Group 0)

A

Low boiling points
Low density
(Both of these increase as you go down due to increasing of the atomic masses)

28
Q

Whats the formula for a reaction between a halogen and a metal?

A

Metal + halogen = Metal halide

29
Q

What’s a metal halide?

A

Metal halides are ionic compounds that are solid at room temperature.

30
Q

What’s a hydrogen halide?

A

Halogens react with hydrogen to form hydrogen halides. They are covalent compounds.

31
Q

What’s a displacement reaction?

A

When a reactive substance displaces a less reactive substances from compounds.

32
Q

What are spectator ions?

A

The ions that stay the same in a reaction

33
Q

Example of a displacement reaction between Sodium bromide + Chlorine? What happens?

A

Sodium Bromide + Chlorine = Sodium chloride + Bromine
2NaBr + Cl2 = 2NaCl + Br2

Sodium (Na) Is the spectator ion.

Bromine is oxidised (Lost e-)
2Br- = Br2 + 2e-

Chlorine is reduced (Gain e-)
Cl2 + 2e- = 2Cl-

chemistry (26 decks)

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