P2.3 Energy and temperature Flashcards
What do you use the measure temperature?
You use a thermometer to measure temperature.
What is temperature measured in?
Temperature is measured in degrees Celsius (℃)
What happens when you heat solids up?
Heating changes the movement of particles. If you heat a solid, the particles will vibrate more.
What happens when you heat liquids and gases up?
Heating changes the movement of particles. If you heat a liquid or a gas, the particles move faster and vibrate more.
When you heat things up, explain the movements of individual particles.
When you heat things up, individual particles in a solid, liquid or gasdon’tget hotter. They move or vibrate faster but they never get hotter.
What does the energy that you need to increase the temperature of a material depend on?
The energy that you need to increase the temperature of a material depends on several factors:
* The mass of material * What the material is made of * The temperature rise that you want
How is energy transferred between two different thermal stores of energy?
Hot objects cool down. Energy is never transferred from a cold object to a hot object; only from a hot object to a cooler object. It is transferred by conduction.
Define temperature
Temperature is a measure of how hot or cold something is. Temperature is measured in degrees Celsius (℃).
What is a thermometer?
A thermometer is an instrument used to measure temperature.
Define thermal equilibrium.
Objects are at thermal equilibrium when they are at the same temperature.
What will happen when the temperature difference of a hot and a cold object is reduced?
When the temperature difference of a hot and a cold object is reduced, eventually both objects will end up at the same temperature (equilibrium), and no more energy will be transferred between their thermal stores.
If two objects have the same temperature, does that mean they have the same amount of store of energy?
No. Just because two objects have the same temperature, it does not mean that they have the same amount of store of energy.
Draw a diagram of particles in a solid.
The particles in the solid should be compact with no gaps. The particles should be the same size and they should also be drawn in neat lines
Draw a diagram of particles in a liquid.
The particles in a liquid should be spaced out but they should still be touching their neighboring particles.
Draw a diagram of particles in a gas.
The particles in a gas should be spaced out.
