P2 Definitions Flashcards
Chemical store
Energy stored in food and fuels.
Conduction
A way in which energy is transferred through solids, and
to a much lesser extent in liquids and gases.
Conductor
A material that conducts charge or energy well, such as a
metal or graphite.
Convection
The transfer of energy by the movement of gases or
liquids.
Convection current
The movement of heated liquids or gasses.
Dissipated
Energy that has become spread out or ‘wasted’ by heating
the environment.
Elastic store
Energy stored when objects change shape.
Energy
Associated with changes in temperature or with work.
Energy resources
Materials or mechanisms for heating or generating
electricity.
Energy store
Something such as a food or hot object that enables you
to account for the energy at the start and end of a
transfer.
(Thermal) equilibrium
Objects are at thermal equilibrium when they are at the
same temperature.
Fossil fuel
Coal, oil, and gas made from the remains of trees and sea
creatures over millions of years.
Gear
A rotating lever that reduces the force required to do
work.
Gravitational potential store
Energy due to the position of an object in a gravitational
field.
Infrared radiation
Radiation given off by the Sun and other objects that
brings about energy transfer.
Insulator
A material that does not conduct electricity or transfer
energy well.
Joules
The unit of energy, symbol J.
Kilojoules
1 kilojoule = 1000 J, symbol kJ.
Kilowatt hours
The unit of energy used by electricity companies, symbol
kWh.
Kilowatts
1 kilowatt = 1000 W, symbol kW.
Kinetic store
Energy of moving objects.
Law of conservation of energy
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred.
Lever
A simple machine that multiplies the force.
Non-renewable
Energy resources that have a limited supply.
Power rating
The number in watts or kilowatts that tells you the rate at
which an appliance transfers energy.
Radiation
The transfer of energy as a wave.
Renewable
Energy resources whose supply will not run out.
Simple machine
Lever or gear that reduces the force required to do
something, but increases the distance.
Temperature
A measure of how hot or cold something is, measured in
degrees Celsius.
Thermal imaging camera
A camera that absorbs infrared and produces a (false colour) image
Thermal power station
A power station that uses fossil fuels to generate
electricity.
Thermal store
Energy in objects as a result of the motion of their
particles/ hot objects.
Thermometer
Instrument used to measure temperature.
Watt
The unit of power, symbol W.
Work
A way of transferring energy that does not involve
heating.
