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Physics GCSE - P2 > P2.3 - Currents in electrical circuits > Flashcards

P2.3 - Currents in electrical circuits Flashcards

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1
Q

When certain insulating materials are rubbed together they become…

A

…electrically charged

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2
Q

How do these materials become electrically charged?

A

Negatively charged electrons are rubbed off one material and onto another

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3
Q

What charge does the material that gains electrons have?

A

Negative

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4
Q

What charge does the material the loses electrons have?

A

Positive

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5
Q

What happens when two electrically charged materials are brought together?

A

They exert a force on each other

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6
Q

Two objects that carry the same types of charge…

A

…repel

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7
Q

Two objects that carry different types of charge…

A

…attract

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8
Q

Can electrical charges pass more easily through some substances?

A

Yes, such as metals

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9
Q

What is electric current?

A

A flow of electric charge

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10
Q

What is the size of the electric current?

A

The rate of flow of electric charge

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11
Q

What is charge measured in?

A

Coulombs (C)

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12
Q

What is current measured in?

A

Amps (A)

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13
Q

What is potential difference?

A

Voltage

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14
Q

What is the potential difference between two points in an electric circuit?

A

The work done per coulomb of charge that passes between the points

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15
Q

What is the symbol for an open switch?

A

A broken line, with the middle third at an angle, with a circle at the joins

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16
Q

Why are thermistors needed in circuits?

A

In thermostats

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17
Q

What is the symbol for a cell?

A

2 ‘T’ shapes facing opposite ways, one with a thicker top

18
Q

What is the symbol for a battery?

A

2 ‘T’ shapes facing opposite ways, with thin and thick lines the opposite ways round an a dotted line in between

19
Q

What is the symbol for a diode?

A

A circle which the wire cuts through, with a triangle in it, with a vertical line on the forward facing point

20
Q

What is the symbol for a resistor?

A

A rectangle which the wire doesn’t cut through

21
Q

What is the symbol for a variable resistor?

A

A rectangle which the wire doesn’t cut through, with an arrow over the top

22
Q

What is the symbol for a lamp?

A

A circle with a cross through it

23
Q

What is the symbol for a fuse?

A

A rectangle whch the wire cuts through

24
Q

What is the symbol for a voltmeter?

A

A circle with a capital V in it

25
Q

What is the symbol for an ammeter?

A

A circle with a capital A in it

26
Q

What is the symbol for a thermistor?

A

A rectangle with a line through, and a a tail parallel to the wire

27
Q

What is the symbol for an LDR?

A

A resistor symbol in a circle with arrows pointing at it from the top left corner

28
Q

What is the symbol for an LED?

A

A diode symbol with arrows pointing away from it in the top right corner

29
Q

Why are LDRs needed in circuits?

A

For switching on lights when it gets dark

30
Q

What are current-potential difference graphs used to show?

A

How the current through a component varies with the potential difference across it

31
Q

What does the current-potential difference graph for a resistor at constant temperature look like?

A

Directly proportional

32
Q

What does the current-potential difference graph for a resistor at constant temperature look like?

A

Directly proportional

33
Q

How can the resistance of a component be found?

A

By measuring the current through, and potential difference across the component

34
Q

The current through a resistor is directly proportional to…

A

…the potential difference across the resistor

35
Q

What is resistance measured in?

A

Ohms

36
Q

What does the current through a component depend on>

A

Its resistance

37
Q

The greater the resistance…

A

…the smaller the current for a given potential difference across the component

38
Q

The potential difference provided by cells connected in series is the sum of…

A

…the potential difference of each cell

39
Q

In series circuits…

A
  • the total resistance is the sum of the resistance of each component
  • there is the same current through each component
  • the total potential difference of the supply is shared between the components
40
Q

In parallel circuits…

A
  • the potential difference across each component is the same

- the total current through the whole circuit is the sum of currents through the separate components

Physics GCSE - P2 (6 decks)

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