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P2 > P2.3 > Flashcards

P2.3 Flashcards

1
Q

What does a current in an electric circuit depend on

A

The resistance of the components and the supply

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2
Q

Different forms of lighting

A

Filament bulbs
Fluorescent bulbs
Light emitting diodes

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3
Q

What happens when certain insulating materials are rubbed against each other

A

They become electrically charged

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4
Q

What is rubbed off one material to the other

A

Negatively charged electrons

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5
Q

The material that gains electrons becomes

A

Negatively charged

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6
Q

The material that loses electrons

A

Is left with an equal positive charge

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7
Q

What happens when two electrically charged objects are brought together

A

They exert a force a force on each other

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8
Q

Electrical charges can move

A

Easily through some substances e.g metals

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9
Q

What is an electric current

A

A flow of electric charge

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10
Q

What is the size of the electric current

A

The rate of flow of electric charge

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11
Q

What is the potential difference between two points in an electric circuit

A

The work done per coulomb of charge that passes between the points

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12
Q

What are current potential difference graphs used for

A

To show how the current through a component varies with the potential difference across it

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13
Q

How can the resistance of a component be found

A

By measuring the current through and the potential difference across

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14
Q

The current through a resistor is directly proportional to

A

The potential difference across the resistor

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15
Q

What does current through a component depend on

A

Its resisistance

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16
Q

The greater the resistance,

A

The smaller the current for a given potential difference across the component

17
Q

What is the potential difference provided by cells connected in series

A

The sum of the potential difference of each cell ( depending on the direction )

18
Q

For components connected in series

A

Total resistance-The sum of the resistance of each component

There is the same current through each component

Total potential difference is shared between the components

19
Q

For components connected in parallel

A

The potential difference across each component is the same

Total current through the whole circuit is the sum of the currents through the separate components

20
Q

The resistance of a filament bulb increases

A

As the temperature of the filament increases

21
Q

The current through a diode

A

Flows in direction only

22
Q

What does the diode have

A

A very high resistance in the reverse direction

23
Q

When does an led emit light

A

When a current flows through it in the forward direction

24
Q

Why is there an increasing use of LEDs for lighting

A

They use a much smaller current than other forms of lighting

25
Q

The resistance of a light dependent resistor decreases

A

As light intensity increases

26
Q

The resistance of a thermistor decreases

A

The temperature increases

27
Q

Where are crumple zones positioned

A

Front and back of car

28
Q

What do crumple zones do

A

They increase the impact time,decreasing the for e produced by the change in momentum

29
Q

What are side impact bars

A

Strong metal tubes fitted into car door panels

30
Q

How do side impact bars help

A

They help direct the kinetic energy of the crash away from the passengers to other areas of the car

31
Q

How do seat belts help in a car crash

A

They stretch slightly increasing the time taken for the wearer to stop
Reduce forces acting in the chest
Some kinetic energy is absorbed by the seatbelt by stretching

32
Q

How do airbags help in a car crash

A

Slow u down more gradually and prevent u from hitting hard surfaces inside the car

33
Q

The more powerful the engine is

A

The more energy it transfers from its fuel every second and so faster top speed

34
Q

What is current

A

The flow of electric charge round the circuit.

Only will flow through a component if their is potential difference across the component

35
Q

Potential difference

A

The driving force that pushes the current round the circuit

36
Q

What is resistance

A

Anything in the circuit which slows the flow down

37
Q

What does total charge through a circuit depend on

A

Current and time

P2 (6 decks)

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