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P2 > P2.1 > Flashcards

P2.1 Flashcards

1
Q

What can forces cause

A

Changes to the shape or motion of an object

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2
Q

What are two things that objects can do

A

Move in a straight line at a constant speed

Change their speed and or direction (decelerate or accelerate)

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3
Q

What can graphs help us with

A

To describe the movement of an object

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4
Q

What are the two graphs

A

Distance time graphs

Velocity time graphs

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5
Q

What happens when two forces interact

A

The forces they exert on each other are opposite and equal

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6
Q

What is the resultant force

A

The overall force acting on an object

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7
Q

What can the resultant force do

A

May cause a change in its state of rest or movement

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8
Q

What happens if the resultant force is zero on a stationary object

A

The object will remain stationary

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9
Q

What happens if the resultant force of an object is not zero on the stationary object

A

The object will accelerate in the direction of the force

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10
Q

What happens if the resultant force of an object is zero on a moving object

A

The object will continue to move at the same speed and in the same direction

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11
Q

What happens if the resultant force of an object is not zero on a moving object

A

The object will accelerate in the direction of the resultant force

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12
Q

What does the acceleration of an object determined by

A

The resultant force acting on it

The mass of the object

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13
Q

What represents the speed on a distance time graph

A

The gradient

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14
Q

What is velocity

A

Speed in a given direction

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15
Q

What does the gradient represent on a velocity time graph

A

Acceleration

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16
Q

What happens when a vehicle travels at a steady speed

A

The resistive force balances the driving force

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17
Q

What are most resistive forces caused by

A

Air

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18
Q

The greater the speed of a vehicle

A

The greater the braking force needed to stop it in a certain distance

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19
Q

What should u understand for a given braking force

A

The greater the speed, the greater the stopping distance

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20
Q

What is the stopping distance

A

Thinking distance + braking distance

21
Q

What is the thinking distance

A

The distance the vehicle travels during the drivers reaction time

22
Q

What is the braking distance

A

The distance the vehicle travels under the braking force

23
Q

What can the drivers braking distance be affected by

A

Tiredness
Alcohol
Drugs
Distractions

24
Q

What happens when the brakes are applied

A

Work is done by friction force between brake and wheel

Reduces kinetic energy

Increases temperature of brake

25
Q

What can the vehicles braking distance be affected by

A

Adverse road and weather conditions

poor conditions of a vehicle

26
Q

What are included in adverse weather conditions

A

Wet or icy conditions

27
Q

What are poor conditions limited to

A

Brakes and tyres

28
Q

The faster the object moves through a fluid….

A

The greater the frictional force that acts on it

29
Q

Why will an object falling through a fluid initially accelerate

A

Because of gravity

30
Q

What might a force acting on an object cause

A

A change in shape of the object

31
Q

What will a force applied to an elastic object result in

A

The object stretching and storing elastic potential energy

32
Q

How does an elastic object return to its original shape after stretched

A

The elastic potential energy is turned into kinetic energy so when the force is removed, the object returns to its original shape

33
Q

What is the relationship between the extension of an elastic object and the force applied

A

The Extension of an elastic object is directly proportional to the force applied, provided that the limit of proportionality is not exceeded

34
Q

What is acceleration

A

How quickly the velocity is changing

35
Q

What is gravitational force

A

The force of attraction between all masses

36
Q

What are the two effects of gravity

A

On the surface area of earth it makes all things accelerate towards the ground

Gives everything a weight

37
Q

What is mass

A

Amount of stuff in an object

Not a force

38
Q

What is weight

A

The force of gravity pulling it towards the centre of the earth

39
Q

What is weight caused by

A

The pull of the gravitational force

40
Q

What does friction always do

A

Slow things down

41
Q

What is at the opposite direction of movement

A

Friction

42
Q

What needs to happen to travel at a steady speed

A

The driving force needs to balance the frictional force

43
Q

When do you get friction

A

When two surfaces come into contact or when an object passes through a fluid

44
Q

When does drag increase

A

When speed increase

45
Q

What needs to happen when you stop a car

A

The kinetic energy has to be converted to heat energy as friction between the wheels and the brake pads, causing temperature to rise.

46
Q

What is kinetic energy

A

Energy of movement

47
Q

What is power

A

The rate of doing work

48
Q

What is one watt

A

1 joule of energy transferred per second

49
Q

What is the unit of power

A

Watt

P2 (6 decks)

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