P2 - Radiation and life

Question 1

List electromagnetic spectrum from longest waves to shortest waves.

Answer 1

Radio waves
Microwaves
Infrared radiation
Visible light
UV radiation
X-rays 
Gamma radiation

Question 2

What are photons?

Answer 2

Packets of energy that deliver different types of energy

Question 3

What end of the electromagnetic spectrum has photons that carry the most energy.

Answer 3

Gamma photon

Question 4

What is it called when photons with enough energy break molecules into ions

Answer 4

Ionisation

Question 5

What two things does the intensity of EM radiation depend on?

Answer 5

• energy of the photons

- energy arriving every secondt

Question 6

What happens to the intensity of radiation the further away the detector is from the source?

Answer 6

It decreases

Question 7

What is the speed of light?

Answer 7

300 000 km/s

Question 8

What is a light year?

Answer 8

How far light travels in a year

Question 9

Why is a light year 1x 10 tpo 13 km?

Answer 9

300 000 x 60s x 60min x 24h x 365days = 9.46 x 10 tpo 12 km

Question 10

How do scientist study stars?

Answer 10

They look at the radiation coming of them.

Question 11

Ionisation of a molecule can start a chemical reaction involving that molecule which can result in …

Answer 11

Cancer due to the mutated cells

Question 12

X-rays are used to make shadow pictures of people’s bones or their luggage. They use x-rays for this because…

Answer 12

They are absorbed my dense materials.

Question 13

What are the possible risks of harm from science based technology

Answer 13

Skin cancer
Burns
Radiation

Question 14

If changes in factor always result in changes in an outcome. There is always a …

Answer 14

Correlation

Question 15

Why are people’s perception about risk unrealistic?

Answer 15

• fear the unknown

- minimise the risk for things they enjoy

Question 16

What are the two things are considered when making a decision about risk?

Answer 16

• the chance of it happening

- it’s consequences of it happening

Question 17

What absorbs ultra violet radiation?

Answer 17

• sunscreen
• clothing
• the ozone layer

Question 18

Microwave radiation heat food?causes water molecules to

Answer 18

causes water molecules to to transfer energy from microwave photons to heat.

Question 19

The warmed earth emits infrared radiation. Where does it go?

Answer 19

Some is absorbed by greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere, heating it up.

Question 20

If the number of bytes of information transmitted increase, what happened to the quality of the sound or imitate recieved?

Answer 20

Increase

Question 21

List electromagnetic spectrum from highest frequency to lowest.

Answer 21

Gamma radiation
X-rays
Ultraviolet
Visible light
Infrared radiation
Microwaves
Radio waves

Question 22

Why are some people worried about the health risks of microwaves?

Answer 22

-The heating affect of microwaves(although very small)

Question 23

How are the risks of microwaves measured?

Answer 23

Comparing cancer rates of a large sample size in people who do an do not use phones.

Question 24

How does UVC get through the ozone layer?

Answer 24

It is a torn get intensity and causes a chemical change to molecules in the ozone layer.

Question 25

Describe the greenhouse affect

Answer 25

Earth warms up when it absorbs radiation from the sun.
IM radiation emotes from earth = cools down.
Some will pass into space.
Some reflected by the clouds and absorbed by pollutants.
= earth warms up.