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Physics > P2 - Radiation and Life > Flashcards

P2 - Radiation and Life Flashcards

1
Q

Name the types of electromagnetic wave from lowest energy/ frequency to highest

A

Radio Waves, Micro-Waves, Infrared, Visible Light, Ultra-Violet, X-rays, Gamma Rays

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2
Q

Photons

A

Packets of electromagnetic energy

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3
Q

Units of intensity are?

A

J/m2/s

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4
Q

Electrons

A

Small negatively charged atomic particles

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5
Q

Ions

A

Positively or negatively charged atoms

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6
Q

Name the 3 types of ionising radiation

A

High energy ultraviolet, x-rays and gamma rays

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7
Q

What type of radiation is present in the sun

A

Ultraviolet

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8
Q

What are the problems of ultraviolet radiation

A

It can cause sunburn and skin cancer

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9
Q

Property of gamma rays in relation to the body

A

They can pass through the human body easily

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10
Q

Property of x-rays in relation to the body

A

They pass through muscle but are absorbed by bone

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11
Q

How are radiographers protected from radiation

A

By lead and concrete screens

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12
Q

You can increase the thermal energy transferred from radiation by…

A

Increasing it’s exposure time and intensity

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13
Q

The green house effect

A

When the earth’s radiation is absorbed or reflected back and the earth gets warmer

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14
Q

Principal frequency

A

The frequency with the greatest intensity

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15
Q

Why has the level of Carbon dioxide steadily increased on the last 200 years?

A

The burning of fossil fuels as an energy source has increased the rate of release and deforestation to clear land has decreased the rate of absorption

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16
Q

Global warming

A

The slow increase in the average temperature worldwide due to the greenhouse effect

17
Q

Because of what do computer models suggest that global warming will result in more extreme weather?

A
  • Increased water vapour in the hotter atmosphere

- Increased convection wind speed

18
Q

Modulation

A

The process during which information is used to change the amplitude or frequency of the carrier wave

19
Q

Noise

A

Unwanted information which distorts the amplitude of the carrier continuously

20
Q

Bytes

A

The unit which digital information is stored as

21
Q

How many binary digits is a byte?

A

Eight

22
Q

Increasing the number of binary digits for a picture … The sharpness of the image

A

Increases

23
Q

Increasing the number of binary digits for a picture … Its quality

A

Increases

24
Q

Advantage of digital signals

A

They are easily stored in electronic memories so can be processed by computers

25
Q

What is the speed of light/ electromagnetic waves through a vacuum?

A

3 x 10^8 m/s

26
Q

Speed of light

A

3.0 x 10^5 km/s or 300,000 km/s

Physics (6 decks)

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