P2- Plastics And Feertillisers

Question 1

Polymers

Answer 1

Large molecules of many carbon atoms
Plastics
Made of small atoms called monomers

Question 2

Monomers

Answer 2

Obtained by the cracking of crude oil
Building blocks of polymers

Question 3

Addition polymerisation

Answer 3

Unsaturated monomers join to form a polymer
Show 3 molecules
Double bond —>(opens)n—>joins

Question 4

Cracking of crude oil

Answer 4

Crude oil —fractional-distillation—>fractions —cracking—>monomers—addition-polymerisation—> plastics

Question 5

Alkene as a polymer

Answer 5

Poly(alkene)

Question 6

Fertilisers

Answer 6

Substances which restore elements
Essential for healthy plant growth to the soil
Water soluble

Question 7

Artificial fertilisers

Answer 7

Made from soluble ionic compounds

Question 8

Haber process

Answer 8

Nitrogen + hydrogen —> ammonia
N2(g)+3H2(g) reversible 2NH3(g)
Iron catalyst (300-500)
Nitrogen and hydrogen recycled in compressor (200 atm), ammonia gas is cooled and condensed as liquid

Question 9

Ammonia

Answer 9

Makes nitric acid
Alkaline
Soluble
Ammonia + acid —> ammonium salt
Ammonia + water —> ammonium + hydroxide ions
NH3(g)+H2O(l) reversible NH4+(aq)+OH-(aq)

Question 10

Ostwald process

Answer 10

Ammonia + oxygen + water —> nitric acid
Platinum catalyst used (800 degrees)