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Core Physics 2 > P1.5 > Flashcards

P1.5 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is electricity

A

A flow of charged particles

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2
Q

What is currant

A

Rate of the charge flowing

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3
Q

What is voltage

A

An electrical pressure that measures the amount of energy transferred by the charges

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4
Q

What are solar cells

A

Objects that convert solar energy directly into electricity

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5
Q

Why is natural gas cleaner than coal

A

Cmon twins less nitrogen so less nitrogen oxides released, doesn’t contain sulphur so no sulphur dioxide. Also emit less carbon dioxide than coal

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6
Q

What are negatives of nuclear energy

A

When problems occur, they can be very bad, meltdowns
After their life, they need to be decommissioned, making sure no nuclear material gets into the environment, this is very expensive
Expensive to build
Waste materials need to be safely disposed of and contained which is eqxpensive

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7
Q

Benefits of nuclear energy

A

No dangerous gases or ash so much cleaner
Cheap to run
Lots of energy for amount of fuel run

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8
Q

What is electromagnetic induction

A

The process of when a metal wire is moved in a magnetic field, creating a currant in the wire. This is an induced currant

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9
Q

How can an induced currant be increased

A

More coils of wire
Using an iron core
Using stronger magnets
Moving the wire faster

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10
Q

How can currant direction be changed

A

Direction of wire movement,

Changing the direction of the magnetic field

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11
Q

What is dc currant

A

Direct currant, the currant always moves in the same direction

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12
Q

How does a generator work

A

There is a coil of wire with an iron core that rotates between two magnets. As it rotates a currant is induced, as each side goes under the magnetic field and then over it, it’s an alternating currant. Th currant is transferred from the wire onto slip rings so the energy can be transferred without tangling the wires. The currant in then in a stationary circuit.

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13
Q

Why is currant transferred through the national grid at such a high voltage

A

It means the wires in the grid don’t heat up so much so less energy is lost through heat into the environment.

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14
Q

What is the different voltage changes in the national grid

A 
Power station 25kV
Wires 400kV
Factories 11kV
Wires in town 33kV
Homes 230V
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15
Q

What is a transformer

A

Something that changes the voltage of alternating currant, increasing it or decreasing it

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16
Q

What does a step up transformer do

A

Increases voltage and decreases currant

17
Q

What does a step down transformer do

A

Lowers voltage and increases currant

18
Q

What is the structure of a transformer and how does it work

A

Iron core with two sets of wire. Primary and secondary coil. Currant enters primary and is obtained at the secondary at a different voltage

19
Q

What is the formula for voltage produced by a transformer

A

Primary voltage/secondary voltage = num coils primary/ num coils secondary

20
Q

What is the unit for energy

A

Joules J

21
Q

What is power and unit

A

The amount of energy an appliance used every second measured in watts. 1 watt = 1J per second

22
Q

Formula for power

A

Energy used J / Time S

Currant A * voltage V

23
Q

Cost of electricity

A

Cost p = power W * Time H * cost of 1kWh

24
Q

What does increasing voltage do

A

Decreases the currant, so less energy lost through heat so in nat grid, its more efficiant

25
Q

Structure of transformer

A

Iron core in coils of wire. Primary coil and secondary coil. In step up, primary coil has less coils than secondary coil. The coils of wires do t touch

26
Q

Potential difference transformer equation

A

Voltage on primary/voltage on secondary

Turns of coil on primary/ turns of coil on secondary
Vp/Vs == Np/Ns

27
Q

How can an induced currant be increased

A

Use a coils of wire instead of single piece. Or use more coils
Uses an iron core in the wire
Use stronger magnets for stronger magnetic field
Move wire faster

28
Q

What causes direction of movement in currant

A

The direction of the movement of the wire

The direction of the magnetic field

Core Physics 2 (6 decks)

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