P12(Wave Properties)

Question 1

What is a wave

Answer 1

-waves transfer energy/information without transferring matter

Question 2

What are mechanical waves

Answer 2

-vibrations that travel through a medium

Question 3

What are examples of mechanical waves

Answer 3

-sound waves
-water waves
-waves on springs and ropes
-seismic waves

Question 4

What are electromagnetic waves

Answer 4

-Waves which can travel through a vacuum at the speed of light
-no medium is needed
-EM waves slow down in a medium

Question 5

What are examples of electromagnetic waves

Answer 5

-light waves
-radio waves
-microwaves

Question 6

What are transverse waves

Answer 6

Waves oscillate perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer of the waves

Question 7

What waves are transverse

Answer 7

-electromagnetic waves
-mechanical waves

Question 8

What are longitudinal waves

Answer 8

Waves oscillate parallel to the direction of energy transfer of the waves

Question 9

What waves are longitudinal

Answer 9

-Sound waves
-mechanical waves

Question 10

What is amplitude

Answer 10

Maximum displacement from rest position

Question 11

What is wavelength

Answer 11

The distance from a point on the wave to the equivalent point on the adjacent wave

Question 12

What is frequency

Answer 12

The number of waves passing a fixed point every second

Question 13

What are units of amplitude, wavelength and frequency

Answer 13

-amplitude and wavelength measured in metres
-frequency measured in hertz

Question 14

What is the formula for time period

Answer 14

Question 15

What’s the formula for wave speed

Answer 15

Question 16

What is reflection

Answer 16

Bending of light without changing a medium

Question 17

What is refraction

Answer 17

Bending of light with change of medium

Question 18

When does refraction occur

Answer 18

At a boundary between two different materials because the speed and wavelength of the waves change at the boundary

Question 19

At a boundary between two different materials waves can be ….

Answer 19

Transmitted or absorbed

Question 20

What are sound waves

Answer 20

Vibrations that travel through a medium

Question 21

Sound waves cannot travel …

Answer 21

Through a vacuum(space)

Question 22

To investigate waves you use a …

Answer 22

-a ripple tank for water waves
-a stretched string for waves in a solid
-a signal generator and a loudspeaker for sound waves

Question 23

The pitch of a note increases if the ….

Answer 23

frequency of the sound waves increases

Question 24

The loudness of a note increases if the …

Answer 24

Amplitude of the sound wave increases

Question 25

Sound waves cause the …

Answer 25

Ear drum to vibrate and the vibrations send signals to the brain

Question 26

What are ultrasound waves

Answer 26

Ultrasound waves are sound waves of frequency above 20KHz

Question 27

Ultrasound waves are …

Answer 27

Partly reflected at a boundary between two different types of body tissue

Question 28

Ultrasound waves reflected at boundaries are …

Answer 28

Timed and the timings are used to calculate distances

Question 29

An ultrasound scan is …

Answer 29

-Non Ionising -so it is safer than an x-ray

Question 30

What’s the formula to calculate the distance travelled by the ultrasound wave

Answer 30

Question 31

What’s the formula for the depth of the boundary below the surface

Answer 31

Question 32

What are seismic waves

Answer 32

Waves that travel through the earth

Question 33

How are seismic waves produced

Answer 33

In earthquakes

Question 34

What are primary seismic waves(P waves)

Answer 34

-Cause the initial tremors lasting about one minute -they are longitudinal waves -they push or pull on material as they move through the earth

Question 35

What are secondary seismic waves(S waves)

Answer 35

-cause more tremors a few minutes later -they are transverse waves that travel more slowly than P waves -they shake the material that they pass through inside the earth from side to side

Question 36

What are L waves

Answer 36

-cause violent movements on the surface up and down and backwards and forwards -they travel more slowly than P waves and S waves -they only happen in the earths crust

Question 37

What is blackbody radiation

Answer 37

An object that absorbs all of the radiation incident on it and does not reflect or transmit any radiation

Question 38

Answer 38

Question 39

Answer 39

Question 40

Answer 40

Question 41

Answer 41