P11

Question 1

how insulators can be charged by friction through transfer of electrons

Answer 1

negatively charged elec are rubbed off one material and onto the other
gains=negaticve
lose=positive

Question 2

repel and attract

Answer 2

same charges-repel
diff-attract

Question 3

explain
-shocks from everyday objects
-lightning
-attraction by inductioon(balloon on wall)
in terms of electron movement

Answer 3

-when object rubbed, electrons gain enough nergy to keave atom and ‘rub off’ and leasves the object with a positive charge
then if object it rubbed against the object gains electrons and become negatively charged to stick to other pos objects
only woors in insulkators as electrons cannoit mive through
spark-occurrs when objects close but not touching
charge jumos through air from highjlyn negative to positive to balance charge
lightning-when charge diff between clouds and earth becomes so great and a massive spark jumps across to balance the charge

Question 4

how earthing removes excess charge

Answer 4

by movement of electrons
allows electrons to flow to the earth removing excess charge
allows material to stay neutral

Question 5

uses oif elctrostatic charges in woirld

Answer 5

insecticide-sparyed freom aircraft and given charge
means soary droplets repel each other
so droplets spread evenly and attracted to earth
photocopiers-attract small particles of ink onto the paper in the right places with static elecdtricity
To clean small particles from smoke before it leaves an industrial chimney, a machine called an electrostatic precipitator will use static electricity to attract the particles.

Question 6

dangers of sparking

Answer 6

when fuelling cars-if charge builds up and sparks could ignite and cuase massive explosion and earthing used tro remove excess charge so does not spark.
-as fuel passes from hose to vehicle a static charge can build up
when too large spark might form
so hoses are earthed to stop this happening

Question 7

electric field def

Answer 7

a region where an electric charge experiences a force
pointin the directionna pos charge would go (the arrows)
point to charges at right angles to the surface
steronger charge=more field lines and stronger force felt
parallel lines have a uniform field

Question 8

hwo electric field helps to explain static elec

Answer 8

when lines of the field meet, they produce a force
thius produces movement if force is large enough to overcome the inertia of the charged particles