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Gr10LS > P1 Qs > Flashcards

P1 Qs Flashcards

1
Q

Name the Phase of DNA replication

A

Interphase

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2
Q

Functions of white blood corpuscles

A

To defend the body against the invasion of microbes such as germs and bacteria

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3
Q

The number of phalanges present in a finger

A

3

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4
Q

Vitamin someone with scurvy needs

A

Vitamin A

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5
Q

The part of the microscope that regulates light

A

Th diaphragm

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6
Q

The pair of voluntary muscles found at joints which work in opposition to eachother

A

Antagonistic

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7
Q

The green pigment found in the chloroplast that traps light energy during photosynthesis

A

Chlorophyll

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8
Q

The bright red part of blood

A

Hemoglobin

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9
Q

Division of the cytoplasm during mitosis

A

Cytokinesis

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10
Q

Type of skeleton where muscles act against fluids to bring movement

A

Hydrostatic

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11
Q

The cells in a leaf with large intercellular airspaces

A

Spongy mesophyll

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12
Q

Function of spindle fibres

A

Contract and pull chromatids to opposite ends of the cell

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13
Q

What happened if we dont habe mitosis

A

It repairs worn-out or damaged cells
It replaces dead cells
It brings about asexual reproduction in certain plans and animals
It promotes growth in size of an organisim

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14
Q

What are atoms

A

The smallest building blocks of matter which combine to form molecules

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15
Q

What are molecules

A

Made up of two or more atoms whilst other are far more complex, made of 100 atoms

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16
Q

What are cells

A

Make up the basic unit of life, are composed of simple amd complex molecules

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17
Q

Where are the raw materials of plant and animal cells derived from

A

From the environment

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18
Q

How do plants and animals get their nutrients

A

Plants absorb mineral salts from the soil and manufacture nutrients during photosynthesis. Animals obtain nutrients from the food they eat

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19
Q

What is an element

A

Consists of identical atoms

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20
Q

Name the monomers of fats

A

3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol

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21
Q

Name one function. Of iron

A

Required by hemoglobin formation to transport oxygen

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22
Q

What food is best for anemia

A

Eggs because it has iron

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23
Q

Name one function of calcium

A

Required for bone and teeth formation

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24
Q

Name the ideal percentage of diet

A

55% carbohydrates 30% fats 15% protein

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25
Q

Name the difference between saturated fats and unsaturated fats

A

Saturated fats are solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature. Saturated fats are formed from animal sources and unsaturated fats are formed from plant sources

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26
Q

Discuss 3 structural adaptations of chloroplast for its functions

A

The double membrane is translucent which allows light to pass through
The double membrane is semi permeable to oxygen, dioxide which enters the chloroplast and oxygen who leaves the chloroplast
The granum increases the surface area for absorption of light
Ribosomes in the stoma manufacturers enzymes which controls the process of photosynthesis

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27
Q

What are stem cells

A

Undifferentiated or unspecialised cells which have the potential to differentiate to form any organ or any tissue in the body

28
Q

Where are stem cells taken from

A

Five day old embryos, cord blood or bone marrow

29
Q

Why are some people against the use of stem cells

A

They believe a life could have been made from the embryos

30
Q

Explain absorption of water by the roots

A

Capillary water has high water potential and cell sap has low water potential due it’s high number in solutes. Water moves along a water potential gradent along the cytosol and enters the root hair via osmosis, the water then enters the vacuole of the root hair

31
Q

Lateral transport of water across the root to the xylem of the root

A

Major pathway
Most water passes by diffusion to the root hair along the cell walls to the cortical cells through the intercellularnair spaces along a water potential gradient entering the cytoplasm of the root hair, until it reachs the endodermis with the casperian strip which is impermeable to water. Water then enters the stele by passing through the thin walled passage cells and then reaches the xylem of the root

Minor pathway
Water moves along a water potential gradient through the cortical cells by osmosis until it reaches the endodermis of the casperian strip. Water passes though the thin walled passage cells and enters the stele by osmosis, and it then enters the xylem of thenroot

32
Q

Difference between transpiration and guttation

A

Transpiration is the loss of water by evaporation through the stomata while guttation is the loss of water through
Droplet form by the hydathods

33
Q

Unstriated involuntarh muscle type

A

Smooth muscle

34
Q

Undifferentiated tissue at the root tip covered bycthe root cap

A

Meristematic tissue

35
Q

Layer of tissue in the root that contains the casperian strip

A

Endodermis

36
Q

Carries hereditary information

A

DNA

37
Q

Cells of cartilage connective tissue

A

Chronodocyte

38
Q

Blood cells that produce antibodies

A

White blood cells

39
Q

Plant tissue with thickened corners providing mechanical support

A

Collenchyma

40
Q

The solution of weakened germs which stilumlate the formation of antibodies

A

Vaccine

41
Q

Define inorganic substances

A

Contain carbon except for carbon dioxide and carbonates, small molecules composed of few atoms

42
Q

Define mineral salts

A

Elements like calcium, magnesium needed by plants and animals for maintenance of cell functions growth, development

43
Q

Explain sodiums use in plants and animals

A

Plants- maintains water balance of cell sap and keep cells turgid
Animals - regulates osmotic balance in bkdy fluids
-plays a role in functiong of kidneys, nerves, muscles

44
Q

Potassium in plants and animals

A

Plants- plays role in opening stomata
-plays rolenin transmissiom of nerve impulses

45
Q

Calcium in plants and animals

A

Plants - component in middle lamellla of cell walls
Animals -used to build strong bones and teeth
-involved in muscle contraction and transmission of nerve impulses

46
Q

Phosphorus role in plants and animals

A

Plants -compoments of cell membrans and ATP
-promotes flowering, fruit, root development
Animals -component of cell membranes and ATP
-used to build bones and teeth

47
Q

Iron in plants and animals

A

Plants - required for cholorophyll synthesis
Animals -form part of hemoglobin molecule

48
Q

Iodine plantsnand animals

A

Plants - not used in higher order plants
Animals - makes hormone thyroxin, deficiency of iodine results in goitre (swelling of thyroid)

49
Q

A group of similar cells adapted for a particular function

A

Tissue

50
Q

A permanent tissue that lines the stems of roots and leaves

A

Epodermis tissue

51
Q

Movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration

A

Diffusion

52
Q

Movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration

A

Osmosis

53
Q

A tissue that is actively dividing by mitosis to form new cells

A

Meristematic

54
Q

Tissue in plants that conducts waterband mineral salts

A

Xylem

55
Q

Elongated living cells that transports dissolved fon in phloem

A

Sieve tubes

56
Q

Apperatus used to measure rate of transpiration

A

Potometer

57
Q

Pressure that forces water to move ip the stem into the plants

A

Root pressure

58
Q

Tissue that provides mech support

A

Sclerenchyma

59
Q

How is xylem structured to suitnits functions

A

Cells are elongatednand non living and joined forming continueous tubes
They are lignified walls to withstand the pressure of water
There are peforated pits for lateral movement of water

60
Q

Part of dicot root that gives rise it laterel movement

A

Pericycle

61
Q

Transports organic food in the plant

A

Phloem

62
Q

Transports water to the plant

A

Cortex

63
Q

Why should a leafy shoot be cut underwater

A

To prevent air bubbles

64
Q

Tissue lineing air passage

A

Cilliated epithelium

65
Q

The structural unit of the nervous

A

Neurons

66
Q

Tissuenthay joins musce to bone

A

Tendon

67
Q

Tough fibrous connection bet bones

A

Gr10LS (2 decks)

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