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P1 Qs Flashcards

1
Q

Name the Phase of DNA replication

A

Interphase

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2
Q

Functions of white blood corpuscles

A

To defend the body against the invasion of microbes such as germs and bacteria

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3
Q

The number of phalanges present in a finger

A

3

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4
Q

Vitamin someone with scurvy needs

A

Vitamin A

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5
Q

The part of the microscope that regulates light

A

Th diaphragm

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6
Q

The pair of voluntary muscles found at joints which work in opposition to eachother

A

Antagonistic

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7
Q

The green pigment found in the chloroplast that traps light energy during photosynthesis

A

Chlorophyll

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8
Q

The bright red part of blood

A

Hemoglobin

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9
Q

Division of the cytoplasm during mitosis

A

Cytokinesis

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10
Q

Type of skeleton where muscles act against fluids to bring movement

A

Hydrostatic

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11
Q

The cells in a leaf with large intercellular airspaces

A

Spongy mesophyll

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12
Q

Function of spindle fibres

A

Contract and pull chromatids to opposite ends of the cell

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13
Q

What happened if we dont habe mitosis

A

It repairs worn-out or damaged cells
It replaces dead cells
It brings about asexual reproduction in certain plans and animals
It promotes growth in size of an organisim

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14
Q

What are atoms

A

The smallest building blocks of matter which combine to form molecules

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15
Q

What are molecules

A

Made up of two or more atoms whilst other are far more complex, made of 100 atoms

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16
Q

What are cells

A

Make up the basic unit of life, are composed of simple amd complex molecules

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17
Q

Where are the raw materials of plant and animal cells derived from

A

From the environment

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18
Q

How do plants and animals get their nutrients

A

Plants absorb mineral salts from the soil and manufacture nutrients during photosynthesis. Animals obtain nutrients from the food they eat

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19
Q

What is an element

A

Consists of identical atoms

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20
Q

Name the monomers of fats

A

3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol

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21
Q

Name one function. Of iron

A

Required by hemoglobin formation to transport oxygen

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22
Q

What food is best for anemia

A

Eggs because it has iron

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23
Q

Name one function of calcium

A

Required for bone and teeth formation

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24
Q

Name the ideal percentage of diet

A

55% carbohydrates 30% fats 15% protein

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25
Name the difference between saturated fats and unsaturated fats
Saturated fats are solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature. Saturated fats are formed from animal sources and unsaturated fats are formed from plant sources
26
Discuss 3 structural adaptations of chloroplast for its functions
The double membrane is translucent which allows light to pass through The double membrane is semi permeable to oxygen, dioxide which enters the chloroplast and oxygen who leaves the chloroplast The granum increases the surface area for absorption of light Ribosomes in the stoma manufacturers enzymes which controls the process of photosynthesis
27
What are stem cells
Undifferentiated or unspecialised cells which have the potential to differentiate to form any organ or any tissue in the body
28
Where are stem cells taken from
Five day old embryos, cord blood or bone marrow
29
Why are some people against the use of stem cells
They believe a life could have been made from the embryos
30
Explain absorption of water by the roots
Capillary water has high water potential and cell sap has low water potential due it's high number in solutes. Water moves along a water potential gradent along the cytosol and enters the root hair via osmosis, the water then enters the vacuole of the root hair
31
Lateral transport of water across the root to the xylem of the root
Major pathway Most water passes by diffusion to the root hair along the cell walls to the cortical cells through the intercellularnair spaces along a water potential gradient entering the cytoplasm of the root hair, until it reachs the endodermis with the casperian strip which is impermeable to water. Water then enters the stele by passing through the thin walled passage cells and then reaches the xylem of the root Minor pathway Water moves along a water potential gradient through the cortical cells by osmosis until it reaches the endodermis of the casperian strip. Water passes though the thin walled passage cells and enters the stele by osmosis, and it then enters the xylem of thenroot
32
Difference between transpiration and guttation
Transpiration is the loss of water by evaporation through the stomata while guttation is the loss of water through Droplet form by the hydathods
33
Unstriated involuntarh muscle type
Smooth muscle
34
Undifferentiated tissue at the root tip covered bycthe root cap
Meristematic tissue
35
Layer of tissue in the root that contains the casperian strip
Endodermis
36
Carries hereditary information
DNA
37
Cells of cartilage connective tissue
Chronodocyte
38
Blood cells that produce antibodies
White blood cells
39
Plant tissue with thickened corners providing mechanical support
Collenchyma
40
The solution of weakened germs which stilumlate the formation of antibodies
Vaccine
41
Define inorganic substances
Contain carbon except for carbon dioxide and carbonates, small molecules composed of few atoms
42
Define mineral salts
Elements like calcium, magnesium needed by plants and animals for maintenance of cell functions growth, development
43
Explain sodiums use in plants and animals
Plants- maintains water balance of cell sap and keep cells turgid Animals - regulates osmotic balance in bkdy fluids -plays a role in functiong of kidneys, nerves, muscles
44
Potassium in plants and animals
Plants- plays role in opening stomata -plays rolenin transmissiom of nerve impulses
45
Calcium in plants and animals
Plants - component in middle lamellla of cell walls Animals -used to build strong bones and teeth -involved in muscle contraction and transmission of nerve impulses
46
Phosphorus role in plants and animals
Plants -compoments of cell membrans and ATP -promotes flowering, fruit, root development Animals -component of cell membranes and ATP -used to build bones and teeth
47
Iron in plants and animals
Plants - required for cholorophyll synthesis Animals -form part of hemoglobin molecule
48
Iodine plantsnand animals
Plants - not used in higher order plants Animals - makes hormone thyroxin, deficiency of iodine results in goitre (swelling of thyroid)
49
A group of similar cells adapted for a particular function
Tissue
50
A permanent tissue that lines the stems of roots and leaves
Epodermis tissue
51
Movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration
Diffusion
52
Movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration
Osmosis
53
A tissue that is actively dividing by mitosis to form new cells
Meristematic
54
Tissue in plants that conducts waterband mineral salts
Xylem
55
Elongated living cells that transports dissolved fon in phloem
Sieve tubes
56
Apperatus used to measure rate of transpiration
Potometer
57
Pressure that forces water to move ip the stem into the plants
Root pressure
58
Tissue that provides mech support
Sclerenchyma
59
How is xylem structured to suitnits functions
Cells are elongatednand non living and joined forming continueous tubes They are lignified walls to withstand the pressure of water There are peforated pits for lateral movement of water
60
Part of dicot root that gives rise it laterel movement
Pericycle
61
Transports organic food in the plant
Phloem
62
Transports water to the plant
Cortex
63
Why should a leafy shoot be cut underwater
To prevent air bubbles
64
Tissue lineing air passage
Cilliated epithelium
65
The structural unit of the nervous
Neurons
66
Tissuenthay joins musce to bone
Tendon
67
Tough fibrous connection bet bones

Gr10LS (2 decks)

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