P1- Matter Flashcards

1
Q

What was Thompsons model called

A

The “Plum pudding” model

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2
Q

What did Thompson discover

A

The existance of the electron

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3
Q

What where Thompsons ideas about the atom

A

An atom is a ball of positive charge with negative electrons embedded in it

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4
Q

What was Rutherfords Atomic model called

A

The nueclear atom

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5
Q

What was the experiment Rutherford conducted

A

Positively charged alpha particles were fired at thin gold foil.

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6
Q

What where the results of Rutherfords experiment

A
  • Most when straight through
  • A few partially deflected
  • Some fully reflected
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7
Q

Why did some of the alpha particles fully reflect

Rutherfords experiment

A

Because they where reppled by the negitive electrons.

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8
Q

What did Rutherford conclude from his experiment

A
  • the mass of an atom is concentrated at its centre, the nucleus
  • the nucleus is positively charged
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9
Q

What was Bohrs atom models name

A

planetary model

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10
Q

What did Bohr discover

A

The idea that electrons are found in shells (rings)

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11
Q

What is the typical size of atoms or small molecules

A

1 × 10^(–10)m

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12
Q

Define density

A

How closely packed the particles are in a solid, liquid or gas

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13
Q

Mass is always __________

A

Conserved

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14
Q

What two things can happen when you heat up a substance

A
  • The energy stored increaces
  • A change in state
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15
Q

Define Specific heat capacity

A

The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of the substance by 1 degree Celsius

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16
Q

Define Specific latent heat of fusion

A

The energy required to change the state of 1 kg of substance

17
Q

How do you increase preasure in a gass

A
  • Reduce the container size
  • Increase the tempurature
  • Add more gass
18
Q

Why do the factors that increace pressure in gasses have that effect

A

Because the change causes there to be more frequent collisions with the container which exert an increased force.

19
Q

Can gasses be compressed

A

Yes gas is the only state that can be

20
Q

What happens when a gass is compressed

A

The pressure increaces

21
Q

What is the type of Pressure exterted on a force by pressure

A

Pressure produces a net force
at right angles to any surface

22
Q

What does work do to a Gas

A

It can increase the tempurature

23
Q

Why does atmosphereric pressure vary with height

A
  • More or less particles above us
  • More or less gravational pull
24
Q

What causes something to float

A

If the objects denisity is lower than the substance it is submerged in

25
Why does pressure in liquids vary with depth
Because there is more or less liquid above you
26
What is a vector
A unit of messure with both direction and magnitude
27
What is newtons first law
Momentum is always conserved
28
What is newtons second law
force = mass x accelaration
29