P1 - Energy Flashcards
What is energy?
The capacity to do work.
What is the unit of energy?
Joule (J).
True or False: Energy can be created or destroyed.
False.
Fill in the blank: The principle of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be ______.
created or destroyed.
What is kinetic energy?
The energy an object possesses due to its motion.
What is the formula for kinetic energy?
KE = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is velocity.
What is potential energy?
The energy stored in an object due to its position or configuration.
What is gravitational potential energy?
The potential energy an object has due to its height above the ground.
What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?
PE = mgh, where m is mass, g is acceleration due to gravity, and h is height.
What is the relationship between work and energy?
Work done on an object results in a change in energy.
What is mechanical energy?
The sum of kinetic and potential energy in a system.
What is thermal energy?
The energy that comes from the temperature of matter.
True or False: All forms of energy can be converted into other forms.
True.
What is chemical energy?
The energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds.
What is nuclear energy?
The energy stored in the nucleus of an atom.
What is electrical energy?
The energy caused by the movement of electrons.
What is renewable energy?
Energy that is collected from resources that are naturally replenished.
Give an example of a non-renewable energy source.
Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas).
What is efficiency in terms of energy?
The ratio of useful energy output to total energy input.
What is the formula for efficiency?
Efficiency = (Useful Energy Output / Total Energy Input) x 100.
What is energy transfer?
The movement of energy from one place or object to another.
What is conduction?
The transfer of thermal energy through direct contact between materials.
What is convection?
The transfer of thermal energy through the movement of fluids.
What is radiation?
The transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves.
What is a system in physics?
A set of interacting or interdependent components that form an integrated whole.
What is the law of conservation of energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
What is fossil fuel?
A natural fuel formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals.
What is biomass energy?
Energy produced from organic materials, such as plant and animal waste.
