P1 Energy Flashcards
Define dissipated
Spread out
Complete the sentence
When one energy store The other one
Increases, decreases
What is the unit of domestic energy consumption
K w h
What is the triangle for the equation of power
E
P T
What is the equation for power
P=E/T
What are the four si base units
Length in metres
time in seconds
current in ampères
Mass in kilograms
How do you convert from megawatts to watts
Times by a million
The prefix milli means
A thousand times smaller
How do you convert from centimetres to metres
Divide By hundred
How do you convert from millimeters to metres
Divide by a thousand
How do you convert from metres to centimetres
Times by a hundred
What is the triangle for the equation of gravitational potential energy
Ep
M G H
What are the three main uses of energy
Electricity production transport and heating
To convert from grams to kilograms
Divide by a thousand
How much is mega
One million times larger
What does s I stand for
The international system of units
Which energy source does not use a moving fluid to spin the turbine of the generator
Solar
What is a reliable energy source
It will work Regardless of the conditions
What is the unit of gravitational field strength
N/kg
Define efficiency
The ratio of useful energy output to total energy input it is A number between zero and one or zero percent and a hundred percent no Energy store is a hundred percent efficient
What is the gravitational field strength of the earth
Nine point eight
What is a kilo
One thousand times Larger
How do you convert from kilograms to grams
Multiply by a thousand
What is needed for a carbon neutral process
The carbon output must be equal to the carbon input
What is a wasted energy transfer
Unintended energy transfer
What is need to produce electricity and what does it consist of
An electrical generator which consists of coil of wire and a magnet
What is the unit of time
Seconds
What is the unit of mass
Kilograms
What will an increase in temperature do to the efficiency Of a machine
Decrease it
What does centi mean
One hundred times smaller
What is a renewable energy resource
One that can be replenished as it is used
What is a non renewable energy resource
One that is finite and cannot be replaced
What is the unit of height
Metres
What is the unit of gravitational potential energy
Jules
What is useful energy transfer
Intended energy transfer
How to calculate efficiency
Efficiency equals useful energy output divided by total energy input × 100
What is energy density
The amount of energy for volume of material, the higher the energy density, the more valuable the material
What is the calculation for kinetic energy
1/2×mass×speed
What is the triangle for the equation of kinetic energy
Ek
0.5 M V2
What is an unreliable energy resource
One that relies on a specific condition in order to work
What is the gravitational potential energy calculation
Mass x gravitational field strength x Height
What is the symbol for collectic energy
Ek
What is the symbol for speed squared
V2
What is the symbol for mass
M
What are the three types of energy transfer
Buy a force, By heating, By waves
What is the unit of energy
Joules
What is elastic potential energy
Energy stored in object when stressed or compressed
What is gravitational potential energy
Energy stored in an object above the ground
What is Kinetic energy
Energy stored in a moving object
What are the five energy stores
Kidnetic energy
Gravitational potential energy
Elastic potential energy
Thermo energy
Chemical energy
What is power
The rate of energy transfer
What is work done equal to
Energy transfer
What is capacity
The maximum amount that something can contain
What is work done
When a force moves an object through a distance
What is the principle of conservation of energy
Energy can not be created or destroyed. It can only be transferred from one store to another
What is a system
Two or more objects linked by energy transfer
What is a closed system
A system when no matter or energy can enter or leave
What is energy
The capacity of a system to do work
What is work done equal to
Energy transfer
What is thermal energy
Energy stored in an object due to its temperature
What is chemical energy
Energy stored in chemical bombs
What is the unit of power
Watts
How to convert from what’s to megawatts
Divide by one million
How to convert from meters to milimeters
Multiply by 1000
What is specific heat capacity
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of a substance by one degree celsius
What is the equation for thermal energy
Change in thermal energy=mass x specific heat capacity x change in temperature
What’s the Triangle for the equation of thermal energy
∆E
MC∆θ
what is conduction
conduction occours mainly in solids. it is the process where vibrating particles transfer energy to remaining particles
what is thermal conductivity
a measure of how quickly energy is transferred through a material. materials with a high thermal conductivity transfer energy between particles quickly
what are 2 ways you can reduce unwanted energy transfers
lubrication
insulation
what is lubrication
lubrication reduces frictional forces,they are usually liquids like oil that can flow easily between objects and coat them
what is insulation
insulation reduces the rate of energy transfer by heating
what are 4 methods of insulation
cavity walls
loft insulation
double glazed windows
draught excluders
what is convection
convection occurs only in liquids and gasses,convection is where energetic particles move away from hotter to cooler regions. the liquids and gasses can flow so the warmer and less dense regions will rise above denser cooler regions. if there is a constant heat source,a convection current can be created
what are cavity walls
they are made up of an inner and outer wall with an air gap in the middle. the air gap reduces the amount of energy transferred by conduction through the walls. the gap is sometimes filled with foam
what is loft insulation
it is laid out across the loft floor and ceiling. fibreglass wool is often used which is a good insulator as it has pockets of trapped air. loft insulation reduces energy loss by conduction and also helps prevent convection currents from being created
what are double glazed windows
they work in the same way as cavity walls - they have an air gap between two sheets of glass to prevent energy transfer by conduction through the windows
what are drought excluders
they are placed around doors and windows to reduce energy transfers by convection
what is a non renewable energy resource
one that will eventually run out
what is a reliable energy resource
one that will work regardless of the surroundings
what are the non renewable energy resources
coal
oil
gas
nuclear fuel
what are the renewable energy resources
solar
wind
tidal
hydro electric
geothermal
bio fuels
what is wind power and what are the advantages and disadvantages
each wind turbine has a generator in it,the rotating blades turn the generator and produce electricity.
advantages:
very little pollution
no fuel costs
limited running costs
disadvantages:
visual pollution as you need lots to generate a decent amount of energy
they are very noisy
initial costs are high
what is solar power and what are the advantages and disadvantages
solar cells generate electricity directly from sunlight. often used in remote places
advantages:
no pollution
very reliable in hot countries
energy is free
disadvantages:
unreliable in colder/cloudier places
initial costs are very high
