P1

Question 1

What is a system and give an example.

Answer 1

A system is a collection of objects, and changes in a system involve changes in how energy is stored. e.g boiling a kettle is eletrical to thermal

Question 2

What is the equation for energy transferred?

Answer 2

E=P * t where E is energy in joules (J) and (P) is power in watts (W)

Question 3

What is the equation for power?

Answer 3

p= E/t , where P is power in watts (W), E is energy in joules (J), and t is time in seconds

Question 4

What is the equation for gravitational potential energy

Answer 4

gravitational potential energy = massgravitational field strengthheight.

Question 5

define specific heat capacity

Answer 5

how much heat energy is needed to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius per unit mass.

Question 6

order these steps for practical measuring specific heat capacity:
-Measure the initial temperature of the aluminium block
-Turn on the power supply and start the stopwatch leave for time
-Start by setting it up placing the heater into the top of the block.
-record the final temperature reached for the block
-Switch off the power supply,. The temperature will still rise before it cools

Answer 6

1)Start by assembling the apparatus, placing the heater into the top of the block
2)Measure the initial temperature of the aluminium block
3)Turn on the power supply and start the stopwatch leave for time
4)Switch off the power supply,. The temperature will still rise before it cools
5)record the final temperature reached for the block

Question 7

why would two systems transferring the same amount of energy can differ in power output?

Answer 7

time taken

Question 8

What can energy never be?

Answer 8

created or destroid

Question 9

Is all energy successfully transferred?

Answer 9

no some is nearly always wasted

Question 10

how thermally can we prevent wasted energy?

Answer 10

Can insulate

Question 11

Order these steps for required practical for insulation materials:
-Record the temperature of the water in the small beaker and start the stopwatch.
-change material and repeat
-Place a small beaker into a larger beaker.
-Place a thermometer into the smaller beaker through the hole.
-Put a piece of cardboard over the beakers as a lid. The lid should have a hole suitable for a thermometer.
-Record the temperature of the water every 2 minutes for 20 minutes.
-make graph
-Fill the small beaker with hot water from a kettle.

Answer 11

1)Place a small beaker into a larger beaker.
2)Fill the small beaker with hot water from a kettle.
3)Put a piece of cardboard over the beakers as a lid. The lid should have a hole suitable for a thermometer.
4)Place a thermometer into the smaller beaker through the hole.
5)Record the temperature of the water in the small beaker and start the stopwatch.
6)Record the temperature of the water every 2 minutes for 20 minutes.
7)change material and repeat
8)make graph

Question 12

What is the equation for efficiency ?

Answer 12

efficiency= useful power output / total power input

Question 13

What are the main renewable energy sources ?

Answer 13

solar, wind, geothermal, hydropower, tidal energy, bioenergy

Question 14

What are the main non-renewable energy sources?

Answer 14

coal, oil, natural gas, and nuclear energy