P1 Flashcards
What is amplitude
The displacement between the rest postion and crest or trough
What is the displacement between crest and rest prosition
Amplitude
What is the function of a wave
They tranfer energy from one place to another without transmitting mass
What transfers energy without matter
Waves
Describe whats happens when a wave travels through a medium
The particels of the medium vibrate and transfer energy but overall the stay in the same place
What is the wavelength
It is the distence between two adjacent disturbances (crest to crest or compression to compression)
What is the frequency
Its the number of complete waves made by a souce passing a certain point per second
What are transverse waves
They are waves with perpendicular disturbances
What are longitudinal waves
They waves with parallel distribances
What wave has parallel disturbances
Longitudinal waves
What waves have perpendicular disterbances
Transverse waves
What is the waves speed equation in words not in symbols
Wave speed = frequency x wavelength
Equation in symbols
m/s = Hz x m
Equation in symbols
m/s = Hz x m
What happens when longitudinal waves pass through a medium
They squash up and strech out
What do you use to mesure sound
Oscilloscope
What happens to a wave at a boundary
The wave can ether be absorbed(transferred), transmitted(keeps on traveling) and reflected(sent back)
What is refraction
Waves changing direction at the boundary or a different way
What are the 7 EM waves on the spectrum
Radio, micro, infrared, visable, uv, x-rays, gamma waves (rock music is very useful for experimenting on goats)
What can happen when’s when changes occur in nuclei atoms or molecules
EM waves or EM radiation can be released
What happens with changes in the nuclei
Gamma rays are emitted (radioactive decay)
What happens when electrons drop down energy levels
Visible light and uv light are emitted
What happens when two bonds holding the atoms together vibrate
Generates inferred reaction
What happens when EM waves are absorbed
It creases to exist and causes heating
What happens when high energy uv, x-rays and gamma rays are absorbed
They causes heating and ionisation when absorbed by atoms
What happens when inferred radiation is absorbed
Molecules absorb it as well as emitting it
What happens when UV radiation is emitted from the sun
It is aborbed by oxygen molecules forming the ozone protecting living things from damaging effects
what waves are oscillating electric and magnetic fields
radio and all EM waves
what is a EM wave
Alternating currents in electrical circuits cause charges to oscillate this creates an oscillating electric and magnetic field
what can gamma rays be used for in the hospital?
sterilising hospital equipment
how do x-rays work in the human body
they scan the body and pick up the denser materials then the rays bounce back and transmit onto the machine
what are concave lenses
they are a lens that caves inwards and causes parallel rays of light to spread out
what are convex lenses
they are lens the bulges outwards causing the parallel rays of light of light to converge
