P&O intro Flashcards
a static or dynamic externally applied device use to improve function.
Orthosis
What are outcomes of orthotics?
Prevent deformity Correct deformity WB support Assist or limit mvmt. Decrease pain Improve posture Immobilize Provide feedback Improve cosmoses
Indications for orthotics
impaired: posture muscle performance Jt mobility motor fx sensory integrity prophylactic
resists or directs force
brace
maintains or attains a position
splint
Know nomenclature:
FO/AO/KO/HPO/AFO/KAFO
..
UE nomenclature:
HO/EO/SO/WHO/SEWHO
..
different materials that orthotics come in
thermoplastic
metal
carbo fiber
Principles of design include
Pressure distribution (f/a)
Length of force arm
Ground reaction force
control degrees of freedom
3 pt. pressure system shows
2 supports on one side,
one on the other
how would you set up wc with 3 point pressure system to reverse decorticate posturing?
tilt the wheelchair.
corrects limb length discrepancies
foot lift
reduce achilles tendon stress
Heel lift
redistribute fat pad to improve shock absorbtion (plantar fasciitis)
heel cup
Reduces WB through metatarsals, Talocrural, and subtler joints
AFO patellar tendon WB
immobilize ankle jt, rocker bottom, able to adjust, doesn’t unload distal structures
Cam walker
Greater trim lines in Orthoses used to control
more tone
a long foot plate resists pf __ than a short one
more
PLS AFO
posterior leaf spring afo
normalized gait to decrease energy expedenture
articulated afo
what do the stops in the articulated afo help control
amt of mvmt in DF or PF
controls tibial advancement and helps maintain knee ext during mid stance.
ground reaction afo
ground reaction afo compensate for
weak pf
KO designed to_____ but really it just ____
prevent re-injury
reduces chances. it’s not as protective as the normal knee. sigh.
for these conditions what does the brace do:
Genu valgum
gene vacuum
unloader braces
- unload WB on lateral compartment
- unload WB on medial compartment
- use 3pt pressure system to redistribute WB
T-strap orthosis alters
patellar tracking
how does patellar strap work?
decreases strain on patella by decreasing tendon angle
KAFO with WB through ischium does what
unloads proximal tibia and femoral condyles
PF __ extension force at knee
produces
DF __ extension at knee
releases
reciprocal gait orthosis gait pattern?
lean back and walk forward
used to treat reducible developmental hip dysplasia in children less than 6 m/o
pavlik harness
the pavlick harness draws femur into
flexion and and
degenerative disease of the hip causes osteopenia and necrosis of femoral neck
legs-calve perches disease
legs-calve perches disease use which orthosis and what does it do?
scottish rite
W/b in abd improves development of femoral head.
what do scottish rite and pavlik harness have in common
abd
a wedge shoe eliminated ____ which is good for _____
forefoot WB
Diabetic foot ulcers
when evaluation pt for LE orthosis, you want to see
WB feet, knees, and ankles
how much DF is needed for a jointed AFO
5 degrees
considerations for LE orthosis include
evaluate don/doff
education
monitor weight
