P Lab: Hearing Flashcards
Conduction deafness
impairment of hearing through incomplere or absent transmission of sound via external auditory meatus, tympanic membrane or ossicular chain
Sensorineural deafness
impairment of hearing following damage or loss of hair cells or neuronal structures
Tinnitus
ringing in the ear
presbyacusis
old age hearing loss (loss of high frequency sound)
Audiometry
measuring hearing acuity for variation in sound intensity and pitch, incluiding threshold and different frequencies
Weber test
a quick hearing test using a tuning fork to detect unilateral hearing loss; it compares bone conductionin both ears
Rinne test
a quick hearing test using a tuning fork for evaluating loss of hearing in on ear (unilateral). It compares perception of sound transmitted by air conduction to those transmitted by bone conduction through the mastoid.
Auditory brain stem response testing
test using auditory evoked potential (electrical activity) in the brain and recorded via electrodes place on the scalp
Otoaccoustic emission test
used to determine cochlear status, specifically hair cell function. It measures otoacoustic emmisions i.e sounds given off by the inner ear hair cells when responding to sound (like a echo)
Normal range of frequencies that the human ear can detect
16-20,000 Hz
What is the normal range of loudness (decibles) for the human ear?
0-130 dB
What is the threshold of loudness for acoustic trauma?
>90 db
Which two hearing test would be used to asses overall hearing during an initial physical exam?
Rinne and Weber test
Which type of hearing loss would be mimicked by plugging one ear with cotton?
Conduction deafness
How would plugging up one ear affect the results of the Weber test?
Sound is percieved louder in the plugged ear
How would plugging up one ear affect the results of RInne test?
Bone conduction > air conduction
Damage to which component of the ear might contribute to conduction deafness?
External and Inner ear
Impacted earwas, perforated tympanic membrane, otosclerosis
Damage to which component of the war might contribute to sensorineural deafness?
hair cell damage, damage to the cohlear nerve/spiral ganglion
Damage to which CNS site migh result in senoneuronal deafness
Cochlear nuclei
